{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T05:42:18Z","timestamp":1770270138241,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]],"date-time":"2017-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (<jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic>) gene rearrangement was reported in 3%\u20137% of primary non\u2010small\u2010cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its presence is commonly associated with adenocarcinoma (AD) type and non\u2010smoking history. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as crizotinib, alectinib and ceritinib showed efficiency in patients with primary NSCLC harboring <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic> gene rearrangement. Moreover, response to ALK TKIs was observed in central nervous system (CNS) metastatic lesions of NSCLC. However, there are no reports concerning the frequency of <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic> rearrangement in CNS metastases. We assessed the frequency of ALK abnormalities in 145 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from CNS metastases of NSCLC using immunohistochemical (IHC) automated staining (BenchMark GX, Ventana, USA) and fluorescence <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization (FISH) technique (Abbot Molecular, <jats:italic>USA<\/jats:italic>). The studied group was heterogeneous in terms of histopathology and smoking status. ALK abnormalities were detected in 4.8% (7\/145) of CNS metastases. ALK abnormalities were observed in six AD (7.5%; 6\/80) and in single patients with adenosuqamous lung carcinoma. Analysis of clinical and demographic factors indicated that expression of abnormal ALK was significantly more frequently observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0002; <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200916.783) in former\u2010smokers. Comparison of IHC and FISH results showed some discrepancies, which were caused by unspecific staining of macrophages and glial\/nerve cells, which constitute the background of CNS tissues. Their results indicate high frequency of <jats:italic>ALK<\/jats:italic> gene rearrangement in CNS metastatic sites of NSCLC that are in line with prior studies concerning evaluation of the presence of ALK abnormalities in such patients. However, they showed that assessment of ALK by IHC and FISH methods in CNS tissues require additional standardizations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,23]],"date-time":"2016-11-23T15:04:01Z","timestamp":1479913441000},"page":"77-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Screening for <scp>ALK<\/scp> abnormalities in central nervous system metastases of non\u2010small\u2010cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Marcin","family":"Nico\u015b","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology Medical University of Lublin Lublin 20\u2010954 Poland"},{"name":"Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw 02\u2010091 Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo\u017cena","family":"Jarosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery Medical University of Lublin Lublin 20\u2010954 Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology Medical University of Lublin Lublin 20\u2010954 Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Wojas\u2010Krawczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology Medical University of Lublin Lublin 20\u2010954 Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kucharczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology Medical University of Lublin Lublin 20\u2010954 Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Sawicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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