{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T22:24:06Z","timestamp":1780611846511,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altered mitochondrial function is characteristic in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease (PD). Information about mitochondria in other brain regions such as the cerebral cortex is conflicting mainly because most studies have not contemplated the possibility of variable involvement depending on the region, stage of disease progression and clinical symptoms such as the presence or absence of dementia. RT\u2010qPCR of 18 nuclear mRNAs encoding subunits of mitochondrial complexes and 12 mRNAs encoding energy metabolism\u2010related enzymes; western blotting of mitochondrial proteins; and analysis of enzymatic activities of complexes I, II, II, IV and V of the respiratory chain were assessed in frontal cortex area 8 and the angular gyrus of middle\u2010aged individuals (MA), and those with incidental PD (iPD), long\u2010lasting PD with parkinsonism without dementia (PD) and long\u2010lasting PD with dementia (PDD). Up\u2010regulation of several genes was found in frontal cortex area 8 in PD when compared with MA and in the angular gyrus in iPD when compared with MA. Marked down\u2010regulation of genes encoding mitochondrial subunits and energy metabolism\u2010related enzymes occurs in frontal cortex but only of genes coding for energy metabolism\u2010related enzymes in the angular gyrus in PDD. Significant decrease in the protein expression levels of several mitochondrial subunits encoded by these genes occurs in frontal cortex area 8 and angular gyrus in PDD. Moreover, expression of MT\u2010ND1 which is encoded by mitochondrial DNA is also reduced in PDD. Reduced enzymatic activity of complex III in frontal cortex area 8 and angular gyrus is observed in PD, but dramatic reduction in the activity of complexes I, II, II and IV in both regions characterizes PDD. Dementia in the context of PD is linked to region\u2010specific deregulation of genomic genes encoding subunits of mitochondrial complexes and to marked reduction in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I, II, III and IV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T16:19:32Z","timestamp":1481991572000},"page":"43-57","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Mitochondrial activity in the frontal cortex area 8 and angular gyrus in <scp>P<\/scp>arkinson's disease and <scp>P<\/scp>arkinson's disease with dementia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Garcia\u2010Esparcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de LLobregat Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Koneti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d'Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de LLobregat Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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