{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T14:13:45Z","timestamp":1772115225376,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001171","name":"Cancer Institute NSW","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ependymomas are primary central nervous system tumors (CNS), arising within the posterior fossa and supratentorial regions of the brain, and in the spine. Over the last decade, research has resulted in substantial insights into the molecular characteristics of ependymomas, and significant advances have been made in the establishment of a molecular classification system. Ependymomas both within and between the three CNS regions in which they arise, have been shown to contain distinct genetic, epigenetic and cytogenic aberrations, with at least three molecularly distinct subgroups identified within each region. However, these advances in molecular characterization have yet to be translated into clinical practice, with the standard treatment for ependymoma patients largely unchanged. This review summarizes the advances made in the molecular characterization of intracranial ependymomas, outlines the progress made in establishing preclinical models and proposes strategies for moving toward subgroup\u2010specific preclinical investigations and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T12:30:25Z","timestamp":1566390625000},"page":"3-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Intracranial ependymomas: molecular insights and translation to treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7403-8851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashleigh","family":"Lester","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of NSW Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerrie L.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre University of NSW Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlx040"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12659"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1327-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-016-2167-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aah6904"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04733"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0207-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142831"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature26000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1888-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2011.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.9970"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0000000000000190"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-015-1764-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-17-1185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-5751-10-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/now025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199704000-00042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1166-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M703289200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0630-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24274"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","volume-title":"MolecularNeuropathology.org","author":"German Cancer Research Centre (DFFZ), G.C.f.T.C.R.D., University Hospital Heidelberg","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1608-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000979"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-010-0109-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","first-page":"3054","article-title":"ERBB receptor signaling promotes ependymoma cell proliferation and represents a potential novel therapeutic target for this disease","volume":"8","author":"Gilbertson RJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-008-0804-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-0981-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov240"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.5.1288"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70208-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nor037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9646-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1287-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos213"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noq144"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sni.sni_422_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-0998-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-08-0584"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016222202230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.27.3359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-015-0470-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, Revised","author":"Louis DN","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-016-2218-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000411"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-018-2767-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09784"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-017-2568-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","first-page":"246","article-title":"Second\u2010look surgery for ependymoma: the Italian experience","volume":"8","author":"Massimino M","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01765"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70342-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2009.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0866-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3323"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","volume-title":"Brain Tumour Resource Laboratory","author":"Olson Lab FH","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12664"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1643-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy059.224"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1877-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1752-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24932"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2083"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1264-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.2013.840420"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-014-1396-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.7825"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-05-0319"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3481-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10833"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27377"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-005-9072-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0142-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noz069"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3570-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1111-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou162"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000309"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-012-0941-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nov181"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-0809-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-012-0205-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/now016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.210773.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nop056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-1067-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073809339212"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","first-page":"LB","article-title":"Novel LSD\u20101 inhibitor validation in new established clinically PFA patient\u2010derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models of ependymoma [abstract]","volume":"78","author":"Zhang H","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2303"}],"container-title":["Brain Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bpa.12781","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bpa.12781","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bpa.12781","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T20:10:29Z","timestamp":1694203829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bpa.12781"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bpa.12781"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bpa.12781","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1015-6305","1750-3639"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1015-6305","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-3639","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}