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Such results are often obtained using separate groups or multiple schedules where ethanol and the alternative are available alone or sequentially. Recently, we observed that when ethanol and food were available sequentially under a multiple schedule, fluvoxamine and varenicline were selective; yet this selectivity disappeared when ethanol and food were concurrently available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the generality of these findings by comparing doses of several drugs required to decrease ethanol\u2010 and food\u2010maintained responding under a multiple schedule and under a concurrent schedule. Effects were determined for chlordiazepoxide, 2,5\u2010dimethoxy\u20104\u2010iodoamphetamine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOI<\/jats:styled-content>), meta\u2010chlorophenylpiperazine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mCPP<\/jats:styled-content>), morphine, naltrexone and d\u2010amphetamine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Under the multiple schedule,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values for decreases in ethanol\u2010maintained responding were significantly different and lower than<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>s for decreases in food\u2010maintained responding (demonstrating selectivity) for each drug except for chlordiazepoxide (which was equipotent) and naltrexone (which did not affect responding). However, this selectivity vanished or even inverted under the concurrent schedule, such that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>values for decreasing ethanol\u2010 and food\u2010maintained responding were not different (or, following<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOI<\/jats:styled-content>, the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ED<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>for food\u2010maintained responding was lower than for ethanol\u2010maintained responding).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results are consistent with those seen following fluvoxamine and varenicline administration, and suggest that selectivity is assay\u2010dependent. These results indicate the need for careful interpretation of selective drug effects, especially when obtained in situations where ethanol or the alternative is the only programmed reinforcement available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T07:13:20Z","timestamp":1396595600000},"page":"3499-3510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Drug effects on multiple and concurrent schedules of ethanol\u2010 and food\u2010maintained behaviour: context\u2010dependent selectivity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"171","author":[{"given":"B C","family":"Ginsburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R 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