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Inhibition ofNa+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>channels was voltage andPertussis<\/jats:italic>toxin (PTX<\/jats:styled-content>) \u2013 independent. Radioligand\u2010binding studies indicated that specific binding of [3<\/jats:sup>H<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>] batrachotoxin (BTX<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>) to ventricular muscle membranes was also inhibited significantly by 10\u2009\u03bcM metAEA<\/jats:styled-content>, a non\u2010metabolizedAEA<\/jats:styled-content>analogue, with a marked decrease in Bmax<\/jats:sub>values but no change in Kd<\/jats:sub>. Further studies onL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010typeCa2+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>channels indicated thatAEA<\/jats:styled-content>potently inhibited these channels (IC<\/jats:styled-content>50<\/jats:sub>0.1\u2009\u03bcM) in a voltage\u2010 andPTX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010independent manner.AEA<\/jats:styled-content>inhibited maximal amplitudes without affecting the kinetics ofBa2+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>currents. MetAEA<\/jats:styled-content>also inhibitedNa+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>andL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010typeCa2+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>currents. Radioligand studies indicated that specific binding of [3<\/jats:sup>H<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>]isradipine, was inhibited significantly by metAEA<\/jats:styled-content>. (10\u2009\u03bcM), changing Bmax<\/jats:sub>but not Kd<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title>Results indicate thatAEA<\/jats:styled-content>inhibited the function of voltage\u2010dependentN<\/jats:styled-content>a+<\/jats:sup>andL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010typeCa2+<\/jats:sup><\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>channels in rat ventricular myocytes, independent ofCB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:sub>andCB<\/jats:styled-content>2<\/jats:sub>receptor activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,24]],"date-time":"2014-04-24T07:37:11Z","timestamp":1398325031000},"page":"3485-3498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Effects of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide on voltage\u2010dependent sodium and calcium channels in rat ventricular 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