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Resistance to insulin, the major abnormality in type 2 diabetes, results in a decreased\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 translocation efficiency. Thus, special attention is being paid to search for compounds that are able to enhance this translocation process in the absence of insulin.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Total internal reflection fluorescence (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIRF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) microscopy was applied to quantify\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 translocation in highly insulin\u2010sensitive\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHO<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1 cells expressing a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4\u2010myc\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      fusion protein.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using our approach, we demonstrated\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 translocation modulatory properties of selected substances and identified novel potential insulin mimetics. An increase in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIRF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      signal was found to correlate with an elevated glucose uptake. Variations in the expression level of the human insulin receptor (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hInsR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) showed that the insulin mimetics identified stimulate\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GLUT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 translocation by a mechanism that is independent of the presence of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hInsR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Taken together, the results indicate that\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIRF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      microscopy is an excellent tool for the quantification of\n            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