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Similar to other cathinone\u2010related compounds,\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n has a chiral centre and exists stably as two enantiomers:\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010mephedrone (\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010mephedrone (\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Experimental Approach<\/jats:title>\n \n Here, we provide the first investigation into the neurochemical and behavioural effects of\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010MEPH and\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n . We analysed both enantiomers in rat brain synaptosome neurotransmitter release assays and also investigated their effects on locomotor activity (e.g. ambulatory activity and repetitive movements), behavioural sensitization and reward.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Both enantiomers displayed similar potency as substrates (i.e. releasers) at dopamine transporters, but\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n was much less potent than\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010<\/jats:italic>\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n as a substrate at 5\u2010HT transporters. Locomotor activity was evaluated in acute and repeated administration paradigms, with\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n producing greater repetitive movements than\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n across multiple doses. After repeated drug exposure, only\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n produced sensitization of repetitive movements.\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n produced a conditioned place preference whereas\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n did not. Lastly,\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n produced biphasic profiles in an assay of intracranial self\u2010stimulation (\n ICSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), but\n \n R<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010<\/jats:italic>\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n produced greater\n ICSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n facilitation than\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title>\n \n Our data are the first to demonstrate stereospecific effects of\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n enantiomers and suggest that the predominant dopaminergic actions of\n R\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n (i.e. the lack of serotonergic actions) render this stereoisomer more stimulant\u2010like when compared with\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n MEPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n . This hypothesis warrants further study.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,26]],"date-time":"2014-09-26T01:07:56Z","timestamp":1411693676000},"page":"883-894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Stereochemistry of mephedrone neuropharmacology: enantiomer\u2010specific behavioural and neurochemical effects in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Ryan A","family":"Gregg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Center for Substance Abuse Research Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H","family":"Baumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Designer Drug Research Unit of the Intramural Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S","family":"Partilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Designer Drug Research Unit of the Intramural Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie S","family":"Bonano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Vouga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Center for Substance Abuse Research Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S","family":"Tallarida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"},{"name":"Center for Substance Abuse Research Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkata","family":"Velvadapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center Inc. 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