{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:07:43Z","timestamp":1787317663013,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,26]],"date-time":"2015-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Schizandrin (\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) has been reported to prevent or reduce learning and memory defects. However, it is not known whether\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ameliorates cognitive impairments induced by oestrogen deficiency. In the present study, we investigated the effect of\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n on memory in ovariectomized (\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and non\u2010\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Experimental Approach<\/jats:title>\n \n A passive avoidance test was used to evaluate the effect of\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n on memory. Field\n EPSP<\/jats:styled-content>\n s were recorded in hippocampal slices using an electrophysiological method. In\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats, biochemical parameters in the bilateral hippocampus were measured; these included superoxide dismutase (\n SOD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), malondialdehyde (\n MDA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and\n AChE<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Also, the number of\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010diaphorase (\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010d) positive neurons was counted by\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010d histochemistry staining technique.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Oral\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n improved the memory and facilitated the induction of long\u2010term potentiation in non\u2010\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats; this effect was more obvious in\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats. Similarly,\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n perfusion enhanced synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices from both non\u2010\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats. However,\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n perfusion reduced the ratio of paired\u2010pulse facilitation only in\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n but not in non\u2010\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats. In addition,\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n decreased\n AChE<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity and\n MDA<\/jats:styled-content>\n level and increased\n SOD<\/jats:styled-content>\n activity and the number of\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010d\u2010positive neurons in\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title>\n \n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n improves memory in\n OVX<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats and its potential mechanisms may include a reduction in the loss of hippocampal\n NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010d positive neurons, an increase of antioxidant properties and a potentiation of synaptic transmission that possibly involves to enhance cholinergic function. Overall, our findings indicate that\n SCH<\/jats:styled-content>\n has potential as a therapeutic strategy for the cognitive dysfunctions associated with the menopause.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,9]],"date-time":"2015-01-09T07:18:17Z","timestamp":1420787897000},"page":"2479-2492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Schizandrin ameliorates ovariectomy\u2010induced memory impairment, potentiates neurotransmission and exhibits antioxidant properties"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Zhong\u2010Jiao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science South China Normal University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology PLA 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