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However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010oxidative properties of liraglutide on rat pancreatic islets <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, rat islets were incubated with 10\u00a0\u03bcmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> liraglutide for 12 and 24\u00a0h. Islet viability functionality was assessed. The anti\u2010inflammatory properties of liraglutide were evaluated by measuring CCL2, IL\u20106 and IL\u201010 secretion and macrophage chemotaxis. The anti\u2010oxidative effect of liraglutide was evaluated by measuring intracellular ROS and the total anti\u2010oxidative capacity. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, 1000 islets were cultured for 24\u00a0h with or without liraglutide and then transplanted into the liver of streptozotocin\u2010induced diabetic Lewis rats with or without injections of liraglutide. Effects of liraglutide on metabolic control were evaluated for 1\u00a0month.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Islet viability and function were preserved and enhanced with liraglutide treatment. Liraglutide decreased CCL2 and IL\u20106 secretion and macrophage activation after 12\u00a0h of culture, while IL\u201010 secretion was unchanged. However, intracellular levels of ROS were increased with liraglutide treatment at 12\u00a0h. This result was correlated with an increase of anti\u2010oxidative capacity. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, liraglutide decreased macrophage infiltration and reduced fasting blood glucose in transplanted rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The beneficial effects of liraglutide on pancreatic islets appear to be linked to its anti\u2010inflammatory and anti\u2010oxidative properties. These findings indicated that analogues of glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 could be used to improve graft survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,12]],"date-time":"2016-08-12T11:07:58Z","timestamp":1471000078000},"page":"3443-3453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Improvement of islet graft function using liraglutide is correlated with its anti\u2010inflammatory properties"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Langlois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Europ\u00e9en d'Etude du Diab\u00e8te Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de M\u00e9decine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS)  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Dal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR 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