{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:26:25Z","timestamp":1787495185859,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,12]],"date-time":"2017-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis","award":["2014\/R\/6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\/R\/6"]}]},{"name":"Regione Toscana Mitochondrial Health","award":["Projects 2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Projects 2012"]}]},{"name":"Italian Foundation for the Study of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ARISLA)","award":["HDACALS-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDACALS-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexpramipexole, a drug recently tested in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS,) is able to bind F1Fo ATP synthase and increase mitochondrial ATP production. Here, we have investigated its effects on experimental ischaemic brain injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The effects of dexpramipexole on bioenergetics, Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      fluxes, electrophysiological functions and death were evaluated in primary neural cultures and hippocampal slices exposed to oxygen\u2010glucose deprivation (OGD). Effects on infarct volumes and neurological functions were also evaluated in mice following proximal or distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Distribution of dexpramipexole within the ischaemic brain was evaluated by means of mass spectrometry imaging.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dexpramipexole increased mitochondrial ATP production in cultured neurons or glia and reduces energy failure, prevents intracellular Ca\n                      <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                      overload and affords cytoprotection when cultures are exposed to OGD. This compound also counteracted ATP depletion, mitochondrial swelling, anoxic depolarization, loss of synaptic activity and neuronal death in hippocampal slices subjected to OGD. Post\u2010ischaemic treatment with dexpramipexole, at doses consistent with those already used in ALS patients, reduced brain infarct size and ameliorated neuroscore in mice subjected to transient or permanent MCAo. Notably, the concentrations of dexpramipexole reached within the ischaemic penumbra equalled those found neuroprotective\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dexpramipexole, a compound able to increase mitochondrial F1Fo ATP\u2010synthase activity reduced ischaemic brain injury. These findings, together with the excellent brain penetration and favourable safety profile in humans, make dexpramipexole a drug with realistic translational potential for the treatment of stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Linked Articles<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v175.2\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v175.2\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T19:24:55Z","timestamp":1490037895000},"page":"272-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Dexpramipexole improves bioenergetics and outcome in experimental stroke"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Mirko","family":"Muzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Gerace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Buonvicino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Coppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Resta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department NEUROFARBA, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Florence  Florence 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