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Inhibitors of chymase, heat\u2010inactivation of the enzyme, sodium cromoglycate and terfenadine, and pretreatment of mice with anti\u2010intercellular adhesion molecule 1, anti\u2010L\u2010selectin, anti\u2010CD11a and anti\u2010CD18 antibodies dramatically diminished the chymase\u2010induced increase in mast cell accumulation. These findings indicate that this effect of chymase is dependent on its enzymatic activity and activation of adhesion molecules. In addition, chymase provoked a significant increase in 5\u2010HT and eotaxin release (up to 1.8\u2010 and 2.2\u2010fold, respectively) in mouse peritoneum. Since 5\u2010HT, eotaxin and RANTES can induce marked mast cell accumulation, these indirect mechanisms may also contribute to chymase\u2010induced mast cell accumulation. Moreover, chymase increased the trans\u2010endothelium migration of mast cells<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>indicating it also acts as a chemoattractant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>The finding that mast cells accumulate in response to chymase implies further that chymase is a major pro\u2010inflammatory mediator of mast cells. This effect of chymase, a major product of mast cell granules, suggests a novel self\u2010amplification mechanism for mast cell accumulation in allergic inflammation. Mast cell stabilizers and inhibitors of chymase may have potential as a treatment of allergic disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,2]],"date-time":"2017-12-02T04:06:39Z","timestamp":1512187599000},"page":"678-692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Induction of mast cell accumulation by chymase<i>via<\/i>an enzymatic activity\u2010 and intercellular adhesion molecule\u20101\u2010dependent mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Huiyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Institute Shenyang Medical College Shenyang Liaoning China"},{"name":"Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University Jinzhou Liaoning 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