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Although it has anti\u2010inflammatory properties and supports immune homeostasis, its effect on collagen\u2010induced arthritis (CIA) is unknown. In this study, we investigated the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of 3\u2032\u2010SL on the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>The anti\u2010arthritic effect of 3\u2032\u2010SL was analysed with fibroblast\u2010like synoviocytes <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> mouse model of CIA. RT\u2010PCR, Western blotting and ELISA were performed to evaluate its effects <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Histological analysis of ankle and knee joints of mice with CIA was performed using immunohistochemistry, as well as safranin\u2010O and haematoxylin staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>3\u2032\u2010SL markedly alleviated the severity of CIA in the mice by reducing paw swelling, clinical scores, incidence rate, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and autoantibody production. Moreover, 3\u2032\u2010SL reduced synovitis and pannus formation and suppressed cartilage destruction by blocking secretion of chemokines, pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Matrix_metalloproteinase\">matrix metalloproteinase<\/jats:ext-link>s and osteoclastogenesis <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> NF\u2010\u03baB signalling. Notably, phosphorylation of p65, which is a key protein in the NF\u2010\u03baB signalling pathway, was totally blocked by 3\u2032\u2010SL in the RA models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>3\u2032\u2010SL ameliorated pathogenesis of CIA by suppressing catabolic factor expression, proliferation of inflammatory immune cells and osteoclastogenesis. These effects were mediated <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> blockade of the NF\u2010\u03baB signalling pathway. Therefore, 3\u2032\u2010SL exerted prophylactic and therapeutic effects and could be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T04:18:44Z","timestamp":1535602724000},"page":"4295-4309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["3\u2032\u2010Sialyllactose as an inhibitor of p65 phosphorylation ameliorates the progression of experimental rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Jung","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Ajou University School of Medicine  Suwon Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine  Suwon Korea"},{"name":"CIRNO Sungkyunkwan University  Suwon 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