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In this work, we tested the therapeutic role of Interleukin\u201019 (IL\u201019) in mice with MI and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice were subjected to MI by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and treated with IL\u201019 (10ng g<jats:sup>\u20101<\/jats:sup>; i.p.).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Protein expression of IL\u201019 and its receptor in myocardium were upregulated 24 hrs post\u2010MI in male mice. IL\u201019 treatment decreased infarct and apoptosis in myocardium, accompanied by enhanced haem oxygenase\u20101 (HO\u20101) activities and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. Pretreatment with IL\u201019 upregulated HO\u20101 expression in cultured neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes and attenuated oxygen\u2010glucose deprivation (OGD)\u2010induced injuries <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, IL\u201019 preserved cardiac function and improved survival of mice with MI. IL\u201019 reduced inflammatory infiltrates and suppressed formation of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, and IL\u20106. More importantly, IL\u201019 inhibited polarization toward proinflammatory M1 macrophages and stimulated M2 macrophage polarization in myocardium of mice with MI. IL\u201019 enhanced protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and promoted angiogenesis in myocardium of mice with MI. In addition, IL\u201019 treatment increased DNA\u2010binding of the transcription factor STAT3 in myocardium of mice with MI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment with exogenous IL\u201019 attenuated acute ischemic injury and improved survival of mice with MI. The mechanisms underlying these effects involved induction of HO\u20101, M2 macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, and STAT3 activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T08:50:08Z","timestamp":1542790208000},"page":"699-710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Exogenous IL\u201019 attenuates acute ischaemic injury and improves survival in male mice with myocardial infarction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Weishuai","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongsheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical 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