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The outcomes of those experiments are also assessed, tracking those results that have survived the past five decades. Two of the major advances in cardiovascular medicine, the ACE inhibitors, as anti\u2010hypertensives, and low\u2010dose aspirin, to prevent thrombosis were initiated by the work in this Lecture. Physiologically significant outcomes include a new non\u2010respiratory function of the lung, based on the metabolism of endogenous vasoactive substrates in the pulmonary circulation and the recognition of the endothelium as a highly interactive component of blood vessels. The present state of the art in pharmacology, physiology and medicine owes much to the work described in the Second Gaddum Lecture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]],"date-time":"2019-11-13T22:09:10Z","timestamp":1573682950000},"page":"969-977","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Second Gaddum Lecture: its origins and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Y.S.","family":"Bakhle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NHLI Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/220919a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/65.1.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1974.54.4.1007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.25.040185.000525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-0577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeg117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"350","article-title":"New experiments physico\u2010mechanicall, touching the spring of the air and its effects (made for the most part in a new pneumatical engine)","author":"Boyle R.","year":"1660","journal-title":"Oxford: H Hall"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-6980(76)90125-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1983.sp002724"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Experiences with aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in the nonspecific prophylaxis of coronary thrombosis","volume":"75","author":"Craven L. 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