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However, alterations in the landscape of histone PTMs and their contribution to the pathogenesis of incurable cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension (PH) and associated right heart failure (RHF) remain largely unexplored. This review focusses on the studies in PH and RHF that investigated the gene families that write (histone acetyltransferases), read (bromodomain\u2010containing proteins) or erase (histone deacetylases [HDACs] and sirtuins [SIRT]) acetyl moieties from the \u03b5\u2010amino group of lysine residues of histones and non\u2010histone proteins. Analysis of cells and tissues isolated from the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> preclinical models of PH and human pulmonary arterial hypertension not only confirmed significant alterations in the expression levels of multiple HDACs, SIRT1, SIRT3 and BRD4 proteins but also demonstrated their strong association to proliferative, inflammatory and fibrotic phenotypes linked to the pathological vascular remodelling process. Due to the reversible nature of post\u2010translational protein acetylation, the therapeutic efficacy of numerous small\u2010molecule inhibitors (vorinostat, valproic acid, sodium butyrate, mocetinostat, entinostat, tubastatin A, apabetalone, JQ1 and resveratrol) have been evaluated in different preclinical models of cardiovascular disease, which revealed the promising therapeutic benefits of targeting histone acetylation pathways in the attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, left heart dysfunction, PH and RHF. This review also emphasizes the need for deeper molecular insights into the contribution of epigenetic changes to PH pathogenesis and therapeutic evaluation of isoform\u2010specific modulation in <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> models of PH and RHF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>LINKED ARTICLES<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v178.1\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v178.1\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T04:04:46Z","timestamp":1574309086000},"page":"54-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Targeting histone acetylation in pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Prakash","family":"Chelladurai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lung Development and Remodeling Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the 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