{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:48:34Z","timestamp":1790434114032,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Identifying drugs effective in the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) is crucial, pending a vaccine against SARS\u2010CoV2. We suggest the hypothesis that cannabidiol (CBD), a non\u2010psychotropic phytocannabinoid, has the potential to limit the severity and progression of the disease for several reasons:\u2010 (a) High\u2010cannabidiol <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Cannabis sativa<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> extracts are able to down\u2010regulate the expression of the two key receptors for SARS\u2010CoV2 in several models of human epithelia, (b) cannabidiol exerts a wide range of immunomodulatory and anti\u2010inflammatory effects and it can mitigate the uncontrolled cytokine production responsible for acute lung injury, (c) being a PPAR\u03b3 agonist, it can display a direct antiviral activity and (d) PPAR\u03b3 agonists are regulators of fibroblast\/myofibroblast activation and can inhibit the development of pulmonary fibrosis, thus ameliorating lung function in recovered patients. We hope our hypothesis, corroborated by preclinical evidence, will inspire further targeted studies to test cannabidiol as a support drug against the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Linked Articles<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID\u201019. To view the other articles in this section visit <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v177.21\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v177.21\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T11:59:11Z","timestamp":1591790351000},"page":"4967-4970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["The potential of cannabidiol in the COVID\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8080-8218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology \u201cV. Erspamer\u201d Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Seguella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology \u201cV. Erspamer\u201d Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Sanseverino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sequentia Biotech SL  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences China Medical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Corpetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology \u201cV. Erspamer\u201d Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sarnelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2010.0016"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109776"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024793"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.920"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223430"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2016.0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8490.199780"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00333.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14038"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj208490"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08923973.2014.976794"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang B. Kovalchuk A. Dongping L. Ilnytskyy Y. Kovalchuk I. &Kovalchuk O.(2020).In search of preventative strategies: Novel antiinflammatory high\u2010CBDCannabis sativaextracts modulate ACE2 expression in COVID\u201019 gateway tissuesPreprints 2020040315.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202004.0315.v1","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202004.0315.v1"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fbph.15157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bph.15157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/bph.15157","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bph.15157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T08:45:05Z","timestamp":1693817105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.15157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bph.15157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.15157","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1188","1476-5381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1188","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}