{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:32:58Z","timestamp":1776918778492,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Several lines of evidence support a link between the essential element zinc and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019). An important fact is that zinc is present in proteins of humans and of viruses. Some zinc sites in viral enzymes may serve as drug targets and may liberate zinc ions, thus leading to changes in intracellular concentration of zinc ions, while increased intracellular zinc may induce biological effects in both the host and the virus. Drugs such as chloroquine may contribute to increased intracellular zinc. Moreover, clinical trials on the use of zinc alone or in addition to other drugs in the prophylaxis\/treatment of COVID\u201019 are ongoing. Thereby, we aim to discuss the rationale for targeting zinc metalloenzymes as a new strategy for the treatment of COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Linked Articles<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID\u201019. To view the other articles in this section visit <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v177.21\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v177.21\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T02:13:50Z","timestamp":1594865630000},"page":"4887-4898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Targeting zinc metalloenzymes in coronavirus disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2700-8155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Doboszewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacobiology Jagiellonian University Medical College  Krak\u00f3w Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5389-0241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Wla\u017a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences Maria Curie\u2010Sk\u0142odowska University  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-7938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacobiology Jagiellonian University Medical College  Krak\u00f3w Poland"},{"name":"Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences  Krak\u00f3w Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9257-8154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"M\u0142yniec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacobiology Jagiellonian University Medical College  Krak\u00f3w Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8MT00262B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3sc50882j"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0812675106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.24.15189-15198.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026619666181129125950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03120230138027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-02915-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2008-15208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7407.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.2490"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2011.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03171-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0695-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmbts.2017.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2014.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109815"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3682752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2438-7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Cell physiology source book","author":"Freedman J. 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