{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:14:46Z","timestamp":1791346486183,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001030","name":"National Heart Foundation of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Elevated blood pressure (BP), or hypertension, is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. As a multifactorial and systemic disease that involves multiple organs and systems, hypertension remains a challenging disease to study. Models of hypertension are invaluable to support the discovery of the specific genetic, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying essential hypertension, as well as to test new possible treatments to lower BP. Rodent models have proven to be an invaluable tool for advancing the field. In this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of rodent models of hypertension through a systems approach. We highlight the ways how target organs and systems including the kidneys, vasculature, the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), immune system and the gut microbiota influence BP in each rodent model. We also discuss often overlooked hypertensive conditions such as pulmonary hypertension and hypertensive\u2010pregnancy disorders, providing an important resource for researchers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>LINKED ARTICLES<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is part of a themed issue on Preclinical Models for Cardiovascular disease research (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v179.5\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v179.5\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T14:35:35Z","timestamp":1628346935000},"page":"918-937","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Rodent models of hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Hamdi A.","family":"Jama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Monash University  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Heart Failure Research Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7577-2123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikeish R.","family":"Muralitharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Monash University  Melbourne Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Research Ministry of Health Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chudan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8434-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne A.","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1093-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariane","family":"Bertagnolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Maternal\u2010child Health, Hospital Sacre\u2010Coeur Research Center CIUSSS Nord\u2010de\u2010l'\u00cele\u2010de\u2010Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Canada"},{"name":"School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley R. 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