{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T07:53:50Z","timestamp":1772870030580,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC 1193 Subproject Z02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC 1193 Subproject Z02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004033","name":"Johannes Gutenberg-Universit\u00e4t Mainz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ReALity Initiative"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ReALity Initiative"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.guidetopharmacology.org\/GRAC\/DiseaseDisplayForward?diseaseId=769\">Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder<\/jats:ext-link> (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.guidetopharmacology.org\/GRAC\/DiseaseDisplayForward?diseaseId=769\">PTSD<\/jats:ext-link>) is a heterogeneous disorder induced by trauma, resulting in severe long\u2010term impairments of an individual's mental health. PTSD does not develop in every individual and, thus, some individuals are more resilient. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate these processes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used a single\u2010trauma PTSD model in mice to induce long\u2010term maladaptive behaviours and profiled the mice 4\u00a0weeks after trauma into resilient or susceptible individuals. The classification of phenotype was based on individual responses in different behavioural experiments. We analysed microbiome, circulating endocannabinoids, and long\u2010term changes in brain phospholipid and transcript levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found many molecular differences between resilient and susceptible individuals across multiple molecular domains, including lipidome, transcriptome and gut microbiome. Some differences were stable even several weeks after the trauma, indicating the long\u2010term impact of traumatic stimuli on the organism's physiology. Furthermore, the integration of these multilayered molecular data revealed that resilient and susceptible individuals have very distinct molecular signatures across various physiological systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Trauma induced individual\u2010specific behavioural responses that, in combination with a longitudinal characterisation of mice, could be used to identify distinct sub\u2010phenotypes within the trauma\u2010exposed group. These groups differed significantly not only in their behaviour but also in specific molecular aspects across a variety of tissues and brain regions. This approach may reveal new targets and predictive biomarkers for the pharmacological treatment and prognosis of stress\u2010related disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>LINKED ARTICLES<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article is part of a themed issue on New discoveries and perspectives in mental and pain disorders. To view the other articles in this section visit <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v179.17\/issuetoc\">http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.v179.17\/issuetoc<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T11:53:55Z","timestamp":1633348435000},"page":"4161-4180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Long\u2010term molecular differences between resilient and susceptible mice after a single traumatic exposure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"179","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6170-4330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Pascual Cuadrado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hristo","family":"Todorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raissa","family":"Lerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larglinda","family":"Islami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Resilience Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Bindila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beat","family":"Lutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University  Mainz Germany"},{"name":"Group Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Resilience Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research  Mainz 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