{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:49:16Z","timestamp":1792028956461,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["263779315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["263779315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["521638178"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["521638178"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002332","name":"Semmelweis Egyetem","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood collection in mice is a common procedure in biomedical research. The choice of blood collection method and the need for analgesia and\/or anaesthesia depend on multiple factors, including the experimental setup, animal welfare considerations and the intended downstream analyses. This minireview describes key non\u2010surgical and surgical blood collection techniques, the appropriate use of analgesia and anaesthesia, and the best practice for documentation and adherence to reporting standards in animal studies. We here provide a table summarising collection procedures; a table listing animal welfare guidelines from multiple countries; a table describing the most common analgesics and anaesthetics, with doses and route of administration; and a table outlining key points for reporting blood collection, anaesthesia and analgesia protocols. A decision chart is also included to assist in selecting the most suitable method. Ultimately, with this minireview, we aim to promote standardised practices, improve data reproducibility, and support ethical animal research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.70029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T01:35:01Z","timestamp":1744767301000},"page":"2337-2353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Best practices for blood collection and anaesthesia in mice: Selection, application and reporting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Zhixin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthea","family":"LoBue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia K.","family":"Heuser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Engelhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Institution for Animal Research and Scientific Animal Welfare (ZETT), Medical Faculty, Heinrich\u2010Heine\u2010University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4253-5930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Papapetropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens Greece"},{"name":"Clinical Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemal H.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of California  San Diego California USA"},{"name":"VA San Diego Healthcare System University of California  San Diego USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8770-2432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elliot","family":"Lilley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for the Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of Animals in Research NC3Rs  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e9ter","family":"Ferdinandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"Pharmahungary Group  Szeged Hungary"},{"name":"Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research and Development Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology University of Giessen  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0593-1192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam M.","family":"Cortese\u2010Krott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Evaluation of saphenous venipuncture and modified tail\u2010clip blood collection in mice","volume":"47","author":"Abatan O. I.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-022-00150-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30802\/aalas-jaalas-21-000129"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"Animals Scientific Procedures Act. (2017).Guidance on the operation of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.gov.uk\/guidance\/guidance-on-the-operation-of-the-animals-scientific-procedures-act-1986(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","unstructured":"APHIS. (2024).APHIS Animal Care. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.aphis.usda.gov\/animal-care(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367707779399446"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","unstructured":"AVMA. (2020).AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2020 Edition. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/avma-policies\/avma-guidelines-euthanasia-animals(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677218815208"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","unstructured":"Boston University IACUC. (2021).Blood Collection Guidelines (IACUC). Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.bu.edu\/research\/forms-policies\/blood-collection-guidelines-iacuc\/(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012417570-9\/50005-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of various combinations of injectable anesthetics in BALB\/c mice","volume":"47","author":"Buitrago S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"CALAS. (2024).CALAS Homepage. Available fromhttp:\/\/english.calas.org.cn\/(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15868"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15232"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15867"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14206"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.727"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/laban0303-44"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6890-3-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","unstructured":"DREXEL UNIVERSITY IACUC. (2021).Drexel university IACUC policy for animal blood collection sites. Available fromhttps:\/\/drexel.edu\/research\/~\/media\/Drexel\/Research-Group\/Research\/Documents\/documents-and-forms\/compliance\/animal\/procedural-guidelines\/ACU-206-Animal-Blood-Collection-Sites.pdf(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01852390"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","unstructured":"European Commission. (2024).Animals in science\u2010EU actions for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. Available fromhttps:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/index_en(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","volume-title":"Euthanasia of experimental animals","author":"European Commission: Directorate\u2010General for Environment","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","unstructured":"FELASA Homepage. (2024).Felasa homepage. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/felasa.eu\/(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","unstructured":"FELASA Working Group. (2023).FELASA Working Group on: Blood sampling of rodents. Available fromhttps:\/\/felasa.eu\/working-groups\/present\/id\/49(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Type, duration, and incidence of pathologic findings after retroorbital bleeding of mice by experienced and novice personnel","volume":"54","author":"Fried J. H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.53.1.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2020.106680"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.119.3089.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117503"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2017.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","unstructured":"GV\u2010SOLAS. (2017).Empfehlung zur Blutentnahme bei Versuchstieren insbesondere kleinen Versuchstieren. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.gv-solas.de\/ausschuss_liste\/empfehlung-zur-blutentnahme-bei-versuchstieren-insbesondere-kleinen-versuchstieren-maerz-2017\/(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30802\/aalas-cm-18-000049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2001.281.5.H1938"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2008.007073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2010.010011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.49.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","unstructured":"Hoff J.(2000).Methods of Blood Collection in the Mouse.https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:73347183"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2015.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100754"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","unstructured":"JALAS. (2024).About JALAS. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.jalas.jp\/english\/en_about.html(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-021-00090-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/bio.12.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026119291003800107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15178"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470942390.mo110088"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13182816"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203793"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003772"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00873.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12955"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238895"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","volume-title":"The laboratory rabbit","author":"Mihai Gagea\u2010Iurascu S. C.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367793781082412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilab016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","unstructured":"NC3Rs. (2022a).Blood sampling: General principles. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.nc3rs.org.uk\/3rs-resources\/blood-sampling\/blood-sampling-general-principles(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","unstructured":"NC3Rs. (2022b).Blood sampling: Mouse. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.nc3rs.org.uk\/3rs-resources\/blood-sampling\/blood-sampling-mouse(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","unstructured":"NC3Rs. (2022c).Use of microsampling to reduce and refine animal use. Available fromhttps:\/\/nc3rs.org.uk\/our-portfolio\/use-microsampling-reduce-and-refine-animal-use(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","unstructured":"NC3Rs. (2023).Mouse handling. Available fromhttps:\/\/nc3rs.org.uk\/3rs-resource-library\/mouse-handling(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","unstructured":"NIH. (2011).Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Available fromhttps:\/\/grants.nih.gov\/grants\/olaw\/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","unstructured":"NIH. (2022).Animal Research Advisory Committee (ARAC) Guidelines. Available fromhttps:\/\/oacu.oir.nih.gov\/animal-research-advisory-committee-arac-guidelines(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","unstructured":"NIH. (2024).Guidelines for Survival Blood Collection in Mice and Rats. Available fromhttps:\/\/oacu.oir.nih.gov\/system\/files\/media\/file\/2022\u201312\/b2-Survival_Blood_Collection_Mice_Rats.pdf(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","unstructured":"NIH OACU. (2024).Guideline for Pain and\/or Distress in Laboratory Animals: Responsibilities Recognition and Intervention. Available fromhttps:\/\/oacu.oir.nih.gov\/system\/files\/media\/file\/2023\u201312\/b12-PainDistress.pdf(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","unstructured":"NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. (2015).PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Available fromhttps:\/\/olaw.nih.gov\/policies-laws\/phs-policy.htm(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","unstructured":"NIH Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. (2024).The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Available fromhttps:\/\/olaw.nih.gov\/resources\/tutorial\/iacuc.htm(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Practical murine hematopathology: A comparative review and implications for research","volume":"65","author":"O'Connell K. E.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comparative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010382008\u20102.00032\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30802\/aalas-jaalas-19-000081"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500x.72350"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200211000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18433\/j3nk60"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","unstructured":"Queen's University. (2012).SOP 7.10 \u2010 Submandibular Blood Collection in Mice. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.queensu.ca\/animals-in-science\/policies-procedures\/sop\/mice\/7-10#:~:text=The%20correct%20spot%20is%20just fall%20from%20the%20puncture%20site(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470942390.mo130054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470942390.mo130043"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41684-023-01308-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","volume-title":"The principles of humane experimental technique","author":"Russell W.","year":"1959"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677213494366"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-019-0008-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/laban.432"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","first-page":"345","article-title":"Validation studies on blood collection from the jugular vein of conscious mice","volume":"51","author":"Shirasaki Y.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12139"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.16049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","unstructured":"The Jackson Lab. (2005).How much blood can I take from a mouse without endangering its health?Available fromhttps:\/\/www.jax.org\/news-and-insights\/2005\/october\/how-much-blood-can-i-take-from-a-mouse-without-endangering-its-health(accessed 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","unstructured":"The Jackson Lab. (2024).Nomenclature for Mouse Strains. Available fromhttps:\/\/www.jax.org\/jax-mice-and-services\/customer-support\/technical-support\/genetics-and-nomenclature(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/laban.738"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","unstructured":"UCSF. (2021).Submental Blood Collection in Mice IACUC Standard Procedure. Available fromhttps:\/\/iacuc.ucsf.edu\/sites\/g\/files\/tkssra751\/f\/wysiwyg\/STD%20PROCEDURE%20-%20Misc%20Rodent%20Procedures%20-%20Submental%20Blood%20Collection%20Mice.pdf(accessed on 04.04.2025)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30802\/aalas-jaalas-21-000119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-020-00438-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10060989"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-2999(98)00197-6"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bph.70029","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:47:23Z","timestamp":1747183643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.70029"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bph.70029"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.70029","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1188","1476-5381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1188","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}