{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T15:17:42Z","timestamp":1779203862660,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005688","name":"Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YTCR 35\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YTCR 35\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British J Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sodium\u2010glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors stimulate erythropoietin, resulting in increased iron utilization. Consequently, patients often have biomarkers indicating iron deficiency. Here we have assessed the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and iron biomarkers in anaemic patients with inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cross\u2010sectional study included patients with anaemia (WHO definition) and inflammation. We performed bivariate analyses (one\u2010way ANOVA) on log\u2010transformed and original values of soluble transferrin\u2010receptor and ferritin index, both markers of iron stores in the presence of inflammation. Three\u2010way ANOVA models assessed the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on these biomarkers, adjusting for congestive heart failure and diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 439 participants, 55 were taking SGLT2 inhibitors. One\u2010way ANOVA showed higher log\u2010transformed soluble transferrin\u2010receptor values in SGLT2 inhibitor users. However, when congestive heart failure and diabetes mellitus were controlled for in the three\u2010way ANOVA, the association disappeared. Similar patterns were observed for soluble transferrin\u2010receptor and ferritin index. All models explained only a small proportion of variance in iron biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our bivariate analysis showed a clear association between SGLT2 inhibitors and iron biomarkers in the presence of inflammation. However, this association disappeared when the model was controlled for congestive heart failure and diabetes mellitus. The apparent association may be due to factors other than inhibition of SGLT2. Clinicians should prioritize diagnosing and managing iron metabolism disorders in high\u2010risk populations, such as those with heart failure, regardless of SGLT2 inhibitor use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.70136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,12]],"date-time":"2025-07-12T05:04:02Z","timestamp":1752296642000},"page":"3990-3993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["SGLT2 inhibitors and their influence on iron metabolism in the context of inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"182","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6397-8677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helene G.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Lucerne Cantonal Hospital  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Tinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Lucerne Cantonal Hospital  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chlo\u00e9","family":"Sieber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Methodology Clinical Trials Unit Central Switzerland  Lucerne Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine University of Lucerne  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Lehnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Methodology Clinical Trials Unit Central Switzerland  Lucerne Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine University of Lucerne  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balthasar","family":"Hug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Lucerne Cantonal Hospital  Lucerne Switzerland"},{"name":"Center for Primary and Community Care University of Lucerne  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/EHF2.14742"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1804281"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP16NTXZLZFAIB"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044235"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/bph.70136","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T08:01:59Z","timestamp":1754294519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/bph.70136"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/bph.70136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.70136","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1188","1476-5381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1188","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}