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Despite advances in understanding the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis, the role of transitional cell populations in the progression from inflammation to fibrosis is still not well understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Experimental Approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates an intermediate subpopulation of alveolar epithelial cells, termed \u201cRegeneration Alveolar Epithelial cells\u201c (RAEs), which reach a peak 14 days post\u2010injury. RAEs are identified through single\u2010cell RNA sequencing of lung injury and development datasets. We characterize RAEs by analysing cross\u2010species datasets and employing experimental approaches, including immunofluorescence staining, immunoblotting, and haematoxylin\u2010eosin staining in mouse models, along with functional assays in human MRC\u20105 cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Marked by\n                      <jats:italic>Clu<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Igfbp6<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Krt19<\/jats:italic>\n                      , RAEs represent a transitional state between AT2 and AT1 cells and interact with activated fibroblasts to modulate extracellular matrix secretion.\n                      <jats:italic>Clu<\/jats:italic>\n                      knockdown exacerbated inflammation and fibrosis, while RAEs accumulated in human fibrotic tissues, correlating with impaired lung function and poor prognosis. Functional assays further reveal that CLU\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      epithelial cells enhanced fibroblast migration and proliferation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest RAEs may play important roles in lung repair processes and in the progression from lung injury to fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.70389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T08:12:46Z","timestamp":1773043966000},"page":"3252-3271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clu\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    transitional alveolar epithelial cells promote lung injury repair and fibrosis 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