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Most brain disease models rely on human <jats:italic>post\u2010mortem<\/jats:italic> brain tissue, non\u2010human primate tissue, or <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> two\u2010dimensional (2D) experiments. Resource limitations and the complexity of the human brain are some of the reasons that make suitable human neurodegenerative disease models inaccessible. However, recently developed three\u2010dimensional (3D) brain organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells and induced PSCs, may provide suitable models for the study of the pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of existing 3D brain organoid models and discuss recent advances in organoid technology that have increased our understanding of brain development. 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