{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:14:41Z","timestamp":1788495281229,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012088","name":"Arcadia Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant to Conservation Evidence"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant to Conservation Evidence"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013324","name":"MAVA Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013324","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The crisis generated by the emergence and pandemic spread of COVID\u201019 has thrown into the global spotlight the dangers associated with novel diseases, as well as the key role of animals, especially wild animals, as potential sources of pathogens to humans. There is a widespread demand for a new relationship with wild and domestic animals, including suggested bans on hunting, wildlife trade, wet markets or consumption of wild animals. However, such policies risk ignoring essential elements of the problem as well as alienating and increasing hardship for local communities across the world, and might be unachievable at scale. There is thus a need for a more complex package of policy and practical responses. We undertook a solution scan to identify and collate 161 possible options for reducing the risks of further epidemic disease transmission from animals to humans, including potential further SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 transmission (original or variants). We include all categories of animals in our responses (i.e. wildlife, captive, unmanaged\/feral and domestic livestock and pets) and focus on pathogens (especially viruses) that, once transmitted from animals to humans, could acquire epidemic potential through high rates of human\u2010to\u2010human transmission. This excludes measures to prevent well\u2010known zoonotic diseases, such as rabies, that cannot readily transmit between humans. We focused solutions on societal measures, excluding the development of vaccines and other preventive therapeutic medicine and veterinary medicine options that are discussed elsewhere. We derived our solutions through reading the scientific literature, NGO position papers, and industry guidelines, collating our own experiences, and consulting experts in different fields. Herein, we review the major zoonotic transmission pathways and present an extensive list of options. The potential solutions are organised according to the key stages of the trade chain and encompass solutions that can be applied at the local, regional and international scales. This is a set of options targeted at practitioners and policy makers to encourage careful examination of possible courses of action, validating their impact and documenting outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T08:01:39Z","timestamp":1625644899000},"page":"2694-2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Post <scp>COVID\u201019<\/scp>: a solution scan of options for preventing future zoonotic epidemics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3984-2403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silviu O.","family":"Petrovan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BioRISC (Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's) St Catharine's College  Cambridge CB2 1RL U.K."},{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Aldridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioRISC (Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's) St Catharine's College  Cambridge CB2 1RL U.K."},{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7389-8785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harriet","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2677-1247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Bladon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioRISC (Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's) St Catharine's College  Cambridge CB2 1RL U.K."},{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollie","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford OX1 3SZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Broad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TRAFFIC, The David Attenborough Building  Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1573-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donald M.","family":"Broom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioRISC (Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's) St Catharine's College  Cambridge CB2 1RL U.K."},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil D.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNEP\u2010WCMC  219 Huntington Road Cambridge CB3 0DL U.K."},{"name":"GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen  Oester Voldgade 5\u20107 Copenhagen 1350 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Cleaveland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biodiversity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Animal Health &amp; Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow  Glasgow G12 8QQ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Zoology Zoological Society of London  London NW1 4RY U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6185-7089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Ferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Society of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (Simevep)  Via Nizza 11 Rome 00198 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Hinsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford OX1 3SZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University  Beijing P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice C.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xishuangbanna Yunnan 666303 P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5231-3293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research University College London  Gower Street London WC1E 6BT U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moira","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Salisburylaan 133 Merelbeke B\u20109820 Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Mayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MacArthur Barstow &amp; Gibbs Veterinary Surgeons  36 Hanbury Road Droitwich WR9 8PW U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milorad","family":"Radakovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinedu A.","family":"Ugwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Africa Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Disease Redeemers\u2019 University Ede  Osun State Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasir","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences  Xishuangbanna Yunnan 666303 P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Ver\u00edssimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology University of Oxford  Oxford OX1 3SZ U.K."},{"name":"Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo Global  Escondido CA 92027 U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Walzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna  Savoyenstra\u00dfe 1 Vienna A\u20101160 Austria"},{"name":"Wildlife Conservation Society  2300 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY U.S.A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James L.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge  Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0ES U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioRISC (Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine's) St Catharine's College  Cambridge CB2 1RL U.K."},{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Cambridge  The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ U.K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-006-0032-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00923-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0820-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/vex012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.28.1.1854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11010041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2656.13166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"12","volume-title":"Infectious Disease Ecology: Effects of Ecosystems on Disease and of Disease on Ecosystems","author":"Begon M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-020-00995-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.01.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1079\/9781780645391.0000","volume-title":"Domestic Animal Behaviour and Welfare","author":"Broom D. M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32153-6","volume-title":"Stress and Animal Welfare: Key Issues in the Biology of Humans and Other Animals","author":"Broom D. M.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"337","volume-title":"Veterinary Pathophysiology","author":"Broom D. M.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5501.125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gecco.2018.e00515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap7463"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"Update: multistate outbreak of monkeypox\u2014Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin","volume":"52","author":"Centres For Disease Control And Prevention","year":"2003","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/conl.12391"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40813-018-0109-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1301.060480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1506279112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1809.111076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0889"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","volume-title":"Towards a Sustainable, Participatory and Inclusive Wild Meat Sector","author":"Coad L.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-8-240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aivir.2018.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/342885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1310.070448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268803008483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33975-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Using social marketing tools to increase fuel\u2010efficient stove adoption for conservation of the golden snub\u2010nosed monkey, Gansu Province, China","volume":"10","author":"DeWan A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conservation Evidence"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fes3.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc3189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05414-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/csp2.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Animal health and welfare risks associated with the import of wild birds other than poultry into the European Union","volume":"410","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2006","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","volume-title":"FAO Biosecurity Toolkit","author":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1220815110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1908221116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2562-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2016.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1501598112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10368"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2014.0298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2009.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2017.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1415627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Assessing UK farmer attitudes to biosecurity on sheep and cattle farms","volume":"78","author":"Hovi M.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Research in Veterinary Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-019-0913-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182016002572"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-020-01774-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2204.151747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Scanning the oceans for solutions","volume":"2","author":"Jacquet J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Solutions"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PAVSNNR20138040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2019.2736"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1208059110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09575"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42522-019-0007-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61151-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15589-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17687-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/438575a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0394-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1118391"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abb9153"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1508.081237"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.2753"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13475"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS\u2010CoV) origin and animal reservoir","volume":"1","author":"Mohd H. A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virology Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1919176117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2002106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61684-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109460"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-010-0320-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2020.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","first-page":"80","volume-title":"Tackling Drug\u2010Resistant Infections Globally: Final Report and Recommendations. The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance","author":"O'Neill J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2005.130539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.181577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12547"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2000.99014.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-102710-145022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11625-017-0455-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2011.0223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1206.051576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-00377-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2017.0791"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-019-1060-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2002100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201404792"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftaa006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006841"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-017-1211-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409608102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_107_1","first-page":"430","volume-title":"Bat Ecology","author":"Speakman J. R.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/526317a"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11647\/obp.0191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5751\/ES-06082-190203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_112_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Building a tool to overcome barriers in research\u2010implementation spaces: the Conservation Evidence database","volume":"235","author":"Sutherland W. J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biological Conservation"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-006-0076-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00697-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508391103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0888"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2011.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-environ-101718-033253"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_119_1","volume-title":"Policy Brief. Effectiveness of Policy Interventions Relating to the Illegal and Unsustainable Wildlife Trade","author":"UNEP","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_120_1","unstructured":"Utermohlen M. (2020).Runway to extinction: airports and airlines in every region of the world can assist with fighting wildlife trafficking.https:\/\/www.traffic.org\/publications\/reports\/runway-to-extinction\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/csp2.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.13227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12370"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01492.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00127-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-70962-6_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb6463"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/cs.cs_17_56"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2516(91)90007-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05775"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2664.2005.01144.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cobi.12607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0703.017312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7"}],"container-title":["Biological Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/brv.12774","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/brv.12774","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/brv.12774","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T09:15:38Z","timestamp":1693214138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/brv.12774"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/brv.12774"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/brv.12774","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-7931","1469-185X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-7931","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-185X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}