{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:28:38Z","timestamp":1792171718732,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":267,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The thermoregulatory system of homeothermic endotherms operates to attain thermal equilibrium, that is no net loss or gain of heat, where possible, under a thermal challenge, and not to attain a set\u2010point or any other target body temperature. The concept of a set\u2010point in homeothermic temperature regulation has been widely misinterpreted, resulting in such confusion that some thermoregulation specialists have recommended that it be abandoned. But the set\u2010point concept has enjoyed a resurgence in a different domain, lizard microclimate selection. We review the principles of thermoregulation in homeotherms, endorse a negative feedback system with independent set\u2010points for individual thermo\u2010effectors as its core mechanism, and address the misconceptions about homeothermic set\u2010point. We also explore the concept of set\u2010point range in lizard microclimate selection and conclude that there is substantial convergence between that concept and the set\u2010points of homeothermic thermo\u2010effectors, as thresholds. In neither homeothermic nor lizard thermoregulation is the concept of a unitary set\u2010point appropriate. We review the problems of measuring the set\u2010points for lizard microclimate selection. We do not believe that the set\u2010point concept in thermoregulation should be abandoned just because it has been misinterpreted by some users. It is a valid concept, identifying the threshold body temperatures at which regulatory thermo\u2010effectors will be activated, to aid in attaining thermal equilibrium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.70002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T04:43:36Z","timestamp":1738817016000},"page":"1317-1346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Revisiting concepts of thermal physiology: understanding negative feedback and set\u2010point in mammals, birds, and lizards"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Duncan","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology University of the Witwatersrand Medical School  Johannesburg 2193 South Africa"},{"name":"School of Human Sciences University of Western Australia  Crawley Perth 6009 WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology University of the Witwatersrand Medical School  Johannesburg 2193 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8985-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward P.","family":"Snelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology University of the Witwatersrand Medical School  Johannesburg 2193 South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, and Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Research, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria  Pretoria 0110 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6591-6760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glenn J.","family":"Tattersall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Brock University  St. Catharines L2S 3A1 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robyn S.","family":"Hetem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand  1 Jan Smuts Avenue Johannesburg 2000 South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5878-2266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shane K.","family":"Maloney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology University of the Witwatersrand Medical School  Johannesburg 2193 South Africa"},{"name":"School of Human Sciences University of Western Australia  Crawley Perth 6009 WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1565964"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icae030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"861","article-title":"The evolution of thermal physiology in endotherms","volume":"2","author":"Angilletta M. 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