{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:22:59Z","timestamp":1791868979633,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]],"date-time":"2015-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP110102483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP110102483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Suomen Akatemia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["136358"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["136358"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Adoles Ment Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Music is an integral part of life in youth, and although it has been acknowledged that musical behavior reflects broader psychosocial aspects of adolescent behavior, no measurement instruments have been specifically designed for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of adolescent wellbeing and\/or symptomatology. This study was conducted in order to develop and validate a scale for assessing musical engagement as an indicator of proneness for depression in youth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Items were developed based on the literature and a prior grounded theory analysis and three surveys (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a054,\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0187,\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0211) were conducted to select, refine, test, and validate the items. Scale structure was investigated through interitem correlations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), and concurrent validity was tested with correlations to depression and wellbeing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The final Healthy\u2010Unhealthy Music Scale (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HUMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) consists of 13 items that are divided into Healthy and Unhealthy subscales. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .78 for Healthy and .83 for Unhealthy. The concurrent validity of the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HUMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was confirmed through correlations to wellbeing, happiness and school satisfaction on one hand and depression, rumination, and stress on the other.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HUMS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      is as a promising instrument for screening musical engagement that is indicative of proneness for depression in youth.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/camh.12109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]],"date-time":"2015-05-18T09:04:24Z","timestamp":1431939864000},"page":"210-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Development and validation of the\n                    <scp>H<\/scp>\n                    ealthy\u2010\n                    <scp>U<\/scp>\n                    nhealthy\n                    <scp>M<\/scp>\n                    usic\n                    <scp>S<\/scp>\n                    cale"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Suvi","family":"Saarikallio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Music University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 PoBox\u00a035 Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4 FI\u201040014 Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uni Research GAMUT Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"McFerran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Research The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.84.5.960"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2001.tb00310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01537054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430120113032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"136","volume-title":"Testing structural equation models","author":"Browne M.W.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735613489916"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08098131.2010.545136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2011.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mtp\/21.2.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08098130903305085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.085431"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Music shifts frontal EEG in depressed adolescents","volume":"33","author":"Field T.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Adolescence"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1029864913478305"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1695-2_203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"Helsing M.(2012).Everyday music listening: The importance of individual and situational factors for musical emotions and stress reduction. 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