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To advance this debate and understand HF within its larger sociological context, this article examines how HF policies translate to the lived experiences of those who remain in shelters and on the streets. Through interviews with 22 PEH, we demonstrate how HF confronts PEH with a set of strategic dilemmas that we frame using the concept of \u201cboundary\u2010work.\u201d First, PEH must negotiate the symbolic boundaries that HF establishes between \u201cworthy\u201d and \u201cunworthy\u201d for the purposes of distributing housing. Second, once housed, PEH face challenges in navigating the social boundaries that separate the private space of the dwelling, the transitional spaces of homelessness (e.g., streets, shelters), and the increasingly gentrified public spaces of the city. We end by discussing the implications of these findings for evaluating HF programs and demonstrating the value of a boundary\u2010work perspective on homelessness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cars.12369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]],"date-time":"2022-01-08T12:01:51Z","timestamp":1641643311000},"page":"59-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Being homeless at the \u201cEnd\u201d of homelessness navigating the symbolic and social boundaries of housing first"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Chris","family":"Kohut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Scholar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02673037.2018.1535055"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10530789.2018.1482991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Calgary's updated plan to end homelessness","author":"Calgary Homeless Foundation","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Housing needs assessment 2018","author":"City of Calgary","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10511482.2002.9521437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014331106267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Sidewalk","author":"Duneier M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2399654419884581"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","volume-title":"A safe and decent place to live: Towards a housing first framework for youth","author":"Gaetz S.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","volume-title":"Housing first in Canada","author":"Gaetz S.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2095325"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Million Dollar Murray","author":"Gladwell M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"The New Yorker"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","unstructured":"Goering P. 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