{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:47:34Z","timestamp":1782744454084,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Canadian Review of Sociology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Community has long been key to the well\u2010being of gay men, yet little research examines how gay fathers, specifically, relate to the broader LGBTQ+ community. Drawing on interviews with 18 mostly White, (upper\u2010) middle\u2010class Canadian gay fathers, I investigate their expectations and experiences of family and community, showing they describe \u2018gay community\u2019 in terms of gay ancestors, friends, and shared gay activities. Fathers express deep gratitude for past LGBTQ+ people whose interdependent collective struggle secured their rights to marry and parent. They hope for support from family and gay friends and strive to maintain community ties, but find their efforts complicated by the demands of intensive parenting, geographic distance, and limited childcare support. As children grow, fathers build community with the straight parents of their children's friends, demonstrating how social class, whiteness, and homonormativity shape the reorganisation of these Canadian gay fathers\u2019 lives\u2014a process I call the gay parental turn.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cars.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T12:20:53Z","timestamp":1775478053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Gay Parental Turn: Canadian Gay Fathers and the Reorganization of Care and Community"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4339-5631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. W.","family":"Underwood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology &amp; Anthropology Simon Fraser University  Burnaby Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"White Out: The Continuing Significance of Racism","author":"Andersen M. L.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism","author":"Anderson B. R. O.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1550428X.2011.537202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"The How to of Qualitative Research","author":"Aurini J. D.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2007.00371.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0197-6664.2004.00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/669608"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/9781442688889"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Intersectionality","author":"Collins P. H.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1229039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ssre.1999.0668"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"White out: The Continuing Significance of Racism","author":"Doane W.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"Women & Public Policy in Canada: Neo\u2010liberalism andAfter?","author":"Dobrowolsky A. Z.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/9780822383901-007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-44156-1_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","volume-title":"One\u2010Dimensional Queer","author":"Ferguson R. A.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1550428X.2019.1688215"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315747798-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315747798-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/9781442697515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cars.12072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","volume-title":"Family Patterns, Gender Relations","author":"Fox B.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-016-0268-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"An Invitation to Social Construction: Co\u2010Creating the Future","author":"Gergen K. J.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400850174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780823266067"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988318768607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"The Cultural Contradictions of Motherhood","author":"Hays S.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2011.581390"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","volume-title":"The Time Divide: Work, Family, and Gender Inequality","author":"Jacobs J. A.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","unstructured":"Jamasi Z. J.Kim andL.Ngo.2019.Child Care in Ontario: A Review of Ontario's New Child Care Tax Credit and Implications for Ontario's Labour Force. Prepared bythe Financial Accountability Office of Ontario. Retrieved from:https:\/\/www.fao\u2010on.org\/web\/default\/files\/publications\/Childcare%202019\/Charts\/Child%20Care%20in%20Ontario%202019.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tsq.12041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59962\/9780774819657"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3729.2011.00654.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59962\/9780774834308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life","author":"Lareau A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.so.15.080189.002121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000447"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781848607941.n12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2094442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780773576902-013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","first-page":"191","volume-title":"Child Care Policy at the Crossroads: Gender and Welfare State Restructuring","author":"Mahon R.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1367877918821262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3341636"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","volume-title":"Child Care Policy at the Crosssroads: Gender and Welfare State Restructuring","author":"Michel S.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2657423"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","volume-title":"Gay Men's Friendships: Invincible Communities","author":"Nardi P. M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","volume-title":"The Accordion Family: Boomerang Kids, Anxious Parents, and the Private Toll of Global Competition","author":"Newman K. S.","year":"2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Precarious Employment in Canada","volume":"46","author":"Ornstein M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Sociology\/Cahiers canadiens de sociologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","unstructured":"Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau.2024. \u201cMore $10\u2010a\u2010day Child Care Spaces.\u201d Government of Canada.https:\/\/www.pm.gc.ca\/en\/news\/news\u2010releases\/2024\/03\/28\/more\u201010\u2010day\u2010child\u2010care\u2010spaces\u2010british\u2010columbia."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3149\/fth.0703.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7870\/cjcmh-2011-0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J461v01n03_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12824"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1363460706060687"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","unstructured":"Statistics Canada.2022.Gender Diversity Status of Couple Family Type of Union and Presence of Children: Canada Provinces and Territories Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations. Retrieved Fromhttps:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/t1\/tbl1\/en\/tv.action?pid=9810013601."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","volume-title":"Family Patterns, Gender Relations","author":"Tremblay D. G.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/27703371.2024.2342419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0309-1317.2003.00487.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"The Idea of a Sexual Community","volume":"2","author":"Weeks J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Soundings"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203167168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","volume-title":"Families We Choose: Lesbians, Gays, Kinship","author":"Weston K.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0038038511435064"}],"container-title":["Canadian Review of Sociology\/Revue canadienne de sociologie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cars.70035","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cars.70035","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cars.70035","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:27:49Z","timestamp":1782743269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cars.70035"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cars.70035"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cars.70035","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-6171","1755-618X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-6171","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-618X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70035"}}