{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:44:42Z","timestamp":1781613882371,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,6]],"date-time":"2014-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Follicular lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content>) of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly duodenal follicular lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content>), is a rare variant of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FL<\/jats:styled-content> with indolent clinical behavior, and this disease is included in the 2008 World Health Organization classification system. In contrast to nodal follicular lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFL<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content> occurs most frequently in the second part of the duodenum, lacks follicular dendritic cell meshworks and has memory B\u2010cell characteristics. However, its molecular pathogenesis is still unclear. In the present study, we examined 10 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content>, 18 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFL<\/jats:styled-content> and 10 gastric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MALT<\/jats:styled-content> lymphoma samples using gene expression analysis. Quantitative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> experiments and immunohistochemical analysis for 72 formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded tissues from an independent series, including 32 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content>, 19 gastric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MALT<\/jats:styled-content> lymphoma and 27 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFL<\/jats:styled-content> samples, were performed for validation of microarray data. Gene expression profiles of the three lymphoma types were compared using 2918 differentially expressed genes (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DEG<\/jats:styled-content>) and results suggested that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content> shares characteristics of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MALT<\/jats:styled-content> lymphoma. Among these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DEG<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> CCL<\/jats:styled-content>20 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MA<\/jats:styled-content>d<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 were upregulated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MALT<\/jats:styled-content> but downregulated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFL<\/jats:styled-content>. In contrast, protocadherin gamma subfamily genes were upregulated in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFL<\/jats:styled-content>. Quantitative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated concordant results. Double immunofluorescence studies revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>20 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>6 were co\u2010expressed in both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MALT<\/jats:styled-content>. We hypothesize that increased expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>20 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MA<\/jats:styled-content>d<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAM<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and co\u2010expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCL<\/jats:styled-content>20 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>6 may play an important role in tumorigenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]],"date-time":"2014-03-06T09:21:18Z","timestamp":1394097678000},"page":"608-615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Duodenal follicular lymphoma: Comprehensive gene expression analysis with insights into pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Katsuyoshi","family":"Takata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Graduate School of Medicine, 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