{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:43:51Z","timestamp":1792183431086,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22591028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22591028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan","award":["H26-sinkoujitsuyuoka-ippan-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H26-sinkoujitsuyuoka-ippan-013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We previously reported that the cell adhesion molecule 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1) versus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7 plot in flow cytometry reflects disease progression in human T\u2010cell leukemia virus type 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) infection. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells from peripheral blood, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (P), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> (D) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> (N) subpopulations are observed. The D and N subpopulations increase as asymptomatic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 carriers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>) progress to indolent adult T\u2010cell leukemia\u2010lymphoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content>) and the N subpopulation then expands in aggressive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content>. In the present study we examined whether the analysis can estimate the risk of developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content> in advanced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>. Peripheral blood samples from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a041) and indolent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content> patients (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a019) were analyzed by flow cytometry using the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1 versus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7 plot for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells and inverse long <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> (clonality analysis) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FACS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010sorted subpopulations. Almost all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> with a high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 proviral load (&gt;4\u00a0copies\/100 cells) had a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (D\u00a0+\u00a0N) frequency of &gt;10%. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> with 25%\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u2264\u00a050% contained expanded clones similar to smoldering\u2010type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content>. In many patients in the 25%\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u2264\u00a050% group, the proportion of abnormal lymphocytes was distributed around the 5% line, which divides <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> and smoldering\u2010type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content> in Shimoyama's classification. In conclusion, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CADM<\/jats:styled-content>1 versus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>7 plot is useful for selection of putative high\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>. The characteristics of some <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> and smoldering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATL<\/jats:styled-content> are said to be similar; however, long\u2010term follow up is required and the clinical outcome (e.g. rate of transformation) of these cases should be used to determine whether to include them in the same clinical category.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.12639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,20]],"date-time":"2015-02-20T16:29:43Z","timestamp":1424449783000},"page":"598-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Advanced human T\u2010cell leukemia virus type 1 carriers\u00a0and early\u2010stage indolent adult T\u2010cell leukemia\u2010lymphoma are indistinguishable based on <scp>CADM<\/scp>1 positivity in flow cytometry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Seiichiro","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Therapy Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Ishigaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhiro","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology Research Hospital Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Yuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Project Division of International Advanced 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