{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T20:45:59Z","timestamp":1778964359184,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Both overall survival (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content>) and progression\u2010free survival (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content>) are primary endpoints of phase <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> studies of new anticancer drugs. Medical care expenditures, especially oncology drug prices, are rapidly increasing; however, the impact of oncology drug prices on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content> is unclear. We analyzed the relationship between oncology drug prices and clinical outcomes in Japan. The costs of a full course or 1\u00a0year of treatment were estimated on the basis of the latest National Health Insurance Drug Price Standards, and the relationship between costs and improvements in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content> obtained with each drug were analyzed. Cost\u2010effectiveness was compared between new\u2010class drugs and next\u2010in\u2010class drugs. We then developed a simple model for estimating the costs required to prolong <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content> by 1\u00a0day and used this model to compare cost\u2010effectiveness. Drug costs were not significantly related to treatment outcomes in terms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content>. There was no significant difference in the median cost between novel drugs and the next\u2010in\u2010class drugs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.39). The oncology drug cost required to prolong <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFS<\/jats:styled-content> by 1\u00a0day was more expensive than the drug cost required for prolong <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OS<\/jats:styled-content> by 1\u00a0day. Prices of oncology drugs should be decided on the basis of actual clinical benefits for cancer patients, and the drug price evaluation process should be disclosed in Japan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,13]],"date-time":"2018-10-13T07:14:12Z","timestamp":1539414852000},"page":"3896-3901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Lack of correlation between the costs of anticancer drugs and clinical benefits in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Etsuko","family":"Satoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6712-7116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasutsuna","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryotaro","family":"Ohkuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yutaro","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Tsunoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyv088"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103153441101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70375-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare. The trend of medical care expenditure in Japan Medical Information Analysis System.https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/bunya\/iryouhoken\/datadase\/zenpan\/iryou_doukou.html. Accessed December 20 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008292128615"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.53.9932"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.29.1.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2013.001351"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"OtakeT.Japan government panel halves price of cancer drug Opdivo.The Japan Times;2016.www.japantimes.co.jp\/. Accessed December 20 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","unstructured":"Pharmaceuticals and Medical Device Agency. Search system for each product type ( in Japanese) Prescription Drugs.https:\/\/www.PmdaSearch\/iyakuSearch\/. Accessed December 20 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"Yakka\u2010KijunTensuu\u2010Hayamihyou (Quick List of NHI Drug Price Standard) 2016Tokyo: Jiho;2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.0373"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare.Drug price evaluation criteria (in Japanese);2016.https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/file\/06-Seisakujouhou-12400000-Hokenkyoku\/0000112492.pdf. 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