{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T03:04:22Z","timestamp":1790564662037,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20fk0210035h0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20fk0210035h0003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis of 116 hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg)\u2010positive patients with diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and 278 HBsAg\u2010negative patients with DLBCL, as a control cohort, who received rituximab\u2010containing regimens as an induction chemotherapy at 30 Japanese medical centers between January 2004 and December 2014. Hepatitis was defined as an absolute serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level of \u2265100\u00a0U\/L. HBV reactivation\u2010related hepatitis was defined as hepatitis with an absolute serum HBV DNA level of \u22653.3\u00a0log\u00a0IU\/mL or an absolute increase of \u22652 log compared with the baseline value. HBsAg\u2010positive patients were divided into three groups based on anti\u2013HBV prophylactic therapy: no nucleos(t)ide analogue (non\u2013NA, n\u00a0=\u00a09), lamivudine (LAM, n\u00a0=\u00a020), and entecavir (ETV, n\u00a0=\u00a087). The 4\u2010year cumulative incidence (CI) of hepatitis in HBsAg\u2010positive and HBsAg\u2010negative patients was 21.1% and 14.6% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.081), respectively. The 4\u2010year CI of HBV reactivation\u2010related hepatitis was higher in HBsAg\u2010positive patients than in HBsAg\u2010negative patients (8.0% vs 0.4%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Among HBsAg\u2010positive patients, the 4\u2010year CI of HBV reactivation\u2010related hepatitis was the highest in the non\u2013NA group (33.3%), followed by the LAM (15.0%) and ETV (3.8%) groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Of note, 3 non\u2013NA patients (33%) and 1 LAM patient (5%) (but no ETV patients) died due to HBV hepatitis. Based on Cox multivariate analysis, HBsAg positivity was not associated with poor overall survival. Prophylactic use of ETV would reduce the occurrence of HBV reactivation\u2010related hepatitis and mortality in HBsAg\u2010positive DLBCL patients receiving rituximab\u2010containing chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.14846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,14]],"date-time":"2021-02-14T05:01:45Z","timestamp":1613278905000},"page":"1943-1954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Prophylactic antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus surface antigen\u2010positive patients with diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphoma treated with rituximab\u2010containing chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Nobuhiko","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology National Cancer Center East Hospital Kashiwa 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Hematology Toranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadahiko","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Izutsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology National Cancer Center Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center Ohmura Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Saga University Saga 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