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Charged particle beams composed of neon ions (<jats:sup>20<\/jats:sup>Ne<jats:sup>10+<\/jats:sup>) hold great potential for biomedical applications, but their physiological effects on living organs remain uncertain. In this study, we demonstrate that neon\u2010ion beams expedite the process of reoxygenation in tumor models. We simulated mouse SCCVII syngeneic tumors and exposed them to either X\u2010ray or neon\u2010ion beams. Through an in\u00a0vivo radiobiological assay, we observed a reduction in the hypoxic fraction in tumors irradiated with 8.2\u2009Gy of neon\u2010ion beams 30\u2009h after irradiation compared to 6\u2009h post\u2010irradiation. Conversely, no significant changes in hypoxia were observed in tumors irradiated with 8.2\u2009Gy of X\u2010rays. To directly quantify hypoxia in the irradiated living tumors, we utilized dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion\u2010weighted imaging. These combined MRI techniques revealed that the non\u2010hypoxic fraction in neon\u2010irradiated tumors was significantly higher than that in X\u2010irradiated tumors (69.53% vs. 47.67%). Simultaneously, the hypoxic fraction in neon\u2010ion\u2010irradiated tumors (2.77%) was lower than that in X\u2010irradiated tumors (4.27%) and non\u2010irradiated tumors (32.44%). These results support the notion that accelerated reoxygenation occurs more effectively with neon\u2010ion beam irradiation compared to X\u2010rays. These findings shed light on the physiological effects of neon\u2010ion beams on tumors and their microenvironment, emphasizing the therapeutic advantage of using neon\u2010ion charged particle beams to manipulate tumor reoxygenation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T00:37:32Z","timestamp":1700872652000},"page":"227-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neon ion (<scp><sup>20<\/sup>Ne<sup>10<\/sup><\/scp><sup>+<\/sup>) charged particle beams manipulate rapid tumor reoxygenation in syngeneic mouse models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Akiko","family":"Imaizumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology  Chiba 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