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The SWIch\/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin remodeling factor (CRF) is closely related to EMT; however, the relationship between CRF and EMT in OCS remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the protein expression of CRFs, including ARID1A and SMARCA4, and their downstream mRNA expression in 28 OCS cases, two fallopian tube CS cases, and one peritoneal CS case. ARID1A and SMARCA4 exhibited a histological type\u2010specific loss of protein expression in 5 of 11 (45%) endometrioid cases and all 5 serous\/homologous OCS cases, respectively. The mRNA analysis suggested that sarcomatogenesis is induced by the transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 and Hippo signaling pathways, both of which regulate YAP1. Immunostaining for YAP1 suggested YAP1\u2010associated sarcomatogenesis in the CRF\u2010retained group, whereas YAP1\u2010unassociated sarcomatogenesis was suggested in the CRF\u2010reduced group. High\u2010grade serous carcinoma cell line experiments showed that the transcriptome of the SMARCA4\u2010knockdown group showed lower expression of the epithelial gene <jats:italic>CDH1<\/jats:italic> and higher expression of mesenchymal genes such as <jats:italic>VIM<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ZEB1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>SNAI1<\/jats:italic> than the control group. Moreover, cell adhesion disappeared and cell morphology changed to a spindle shape, indicating sarcomatogenesis. In conclusion, this study reveals a mechanism for sarcoma development in OCS and provides novel therapeutic possibilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.16423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T07:41:14Z","timestamp":1735026074000},"page":"835-845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Loss of <scp>SMARCA4<\/scp> induces sarcomatogenesis through epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in ovarian carcinosarcoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University  Fukuoka Japan"},{"name":"Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University  Fukuoka 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