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Given their various roles in tumor progression and treatment resistance, CAFs are promising therapeutic targets in cancer. The elimination of tumor\u2010promoting CAFs has been investigated in various animal models to determine whether it effectively suppresses tumor growth. Based on recent evidence, several simple strategies have been proposed to eliminate tumor\u2010promoting CAFs and attenuate these features. In addition, attention has focused on the critical role that CAFs play in the immunosuppressive TME. Therefore, the functional reprogramming of CAFs in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors has also been investigated as a possible therapeutic approach. However, although potential targets in CAFs have been widely characterized, the plasticity and heterogeneity of CAFs complicate the understanding of their properties and present difficulties for clinical application. Moreover, the identification of tumor\u2010suppressive CAFs highlights the necessity for the development of therapeutic approaches that can distinguish and switch between tumor\u2010promoting and tumor\u2010suppressive CAFs in an appropriate manner. 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