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Peritoneal metastasis typically occurs in advanced cancers of abdominal origin, most commonly gastrointestinal and gynecological cancers. Conventional chemotherapy has limited efficacy, and no effective molecular\u2010targeted therapy is currently available for peritoneal metastasis. As a result, peritoneal metastasis is associated with poor outcomes and significantly reduced quality of life in patients with advanced cancers. This is largely due to a limited understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying peritoneal metastasis. However, recent studies employing innovative approaches have provided novel insights into the mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis, contributing to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the cell biological aspects of peritoneal metastasis and potential therapeutic target molecules. 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