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SUMOylation is a posttranslational modification where a small ubiquitin\u2010related (like) modifier (SUMO) conjugates to a lysine residue in the substrate proteins. SUMOylation has been shown to affect the alteration of substrate proteins' functions, subcellular localization, or stability. Furthermore, it has been reported that SUMOylation is involved in regulating angiogenesis, cellular migration, and epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, a link between SUMO proteins and multidrug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma has been reported. Classified as a set of transcription factors belonging to the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family, musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (MAF) proteins are divided into two groups: large MAF (c\u2010MAF, MAFA, and MAFB) and small MAF (MAFF, MAFG, and MAFK). We previously demonstrated that MAFK confers tumorigenic ability to nontumorigenic mammary gland epithelial cells, NMuMG cells, through induction of EMT. Furthermore, the knockdown of MAFK significantly suppressed the tumorigenic and metastatic growth of breast cancer cells. Among MAF family proteins, the SUMOylation consensus sequence, \u03c8KxE, is highly conserved, and SUMOylation has been shown in MAF family proteins, MAFB and MAFG, respectively. In this study, we focused on SUMOylation and investigated the importance of the SUMOylation consensus sequence in MAFK for MAFK\u2010induced EMT, cellular migration and invasion, tumor and sphere formation, acquisition of stem\u2010like properties, and drug resistance against doxorubicin by using the non\u2010SUMOylation mimic mutant. Additionally, our results suggest that these findings depend on the expression of ATP\u2010binding cassette (ABC) transporter 2 (ABCG2).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.70282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T10:49:09Z","timestamp":1764413349000},"page":"445-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Importance of\n                    <scp>SUMOylation<\/scp>\n                    Consensus Sequence of\n                    <scp>MAFK<\/scp>\n                    in Regulating\n                    <scp>EMT<\/scp>\n                    , Tumor Growth, Stemness, and Drug Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Thuy Linh Dang","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7279-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukari","family":"Okita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reon","family":"Yahatabara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0061-9060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manar A.","family":"Elhinnawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Hormones Department Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre  Giza Egypt"},{"name":"Stem Cells Lab Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences National Research Centre  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuriza Ulul","family":"Azmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia  Depok Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thanasis","family":"Poullikkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine  Bunkyo\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7261-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hozumi","family":"Motohashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine  Sendai Miyagi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9905-2473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitsuyasu","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba  Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"2371","article-title":"Two New Members of the Maf Oncogene Family, Mafk and Maff, Encode Nuclear B\u2010Zip Proteins Lacking Putative Trans\u2010Activator Domain","volume":"8","author":"Fujiwara K. 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