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In addition to direct tumor destruction, microwave ablation (MWA) remodels the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and induces antitumor immune responses, providing a strong rationale for combination with immunotherapy. As key regulators of immune\u2010cell trafficking and function, chemokines critically mediate the synergy between MWA and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the effects of MWA on the TIME, the central role of chemokine networks in this process, and recent advances in MWA\u2010based combinatorial immunotherapy, including clinical progress. We also discuss current challenges and future directions to support the optimization of multimodal cancer therapy and improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.70565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T04:31:40Z","timestamp":1792470700000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advances in the Role of Chemokines in Microwave Ablation\u2010Based Combinatorial Immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Ruijie","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University  Changzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3638-7800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ningning","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology The Third 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