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Besides the antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi and viruses, Ala has also demonstrated significant anti\u2010inflammatory effects in various models by inhibiting NF\u2010\u03baB and MAPKs to decrease the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines such as IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. The antitumor effects of Ala have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo via inducing intrinsic apoptosis, oxidative stress, ER stress, cell cycle arrest and inhibiting autophagy and STAT3 phosphorylation, which are also involved in its combination or synergy with other antitumor drugs. Ala also has neuroprotective activity through attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, besides its modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes the recent advances of the pharmacological effects of Ala, including anti\u2010inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, neuroprotective activities, as well as the underlying mechanisms. 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