{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T20:09:11Z","timestamp":1782590951608,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81673620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81673620"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chem Biol Drug Des"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liver fibrosis refers to the pathophysiological process of dysplasia on the connective tissue of the liver, caused by a variety of pathogenic factors. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) has anticoagulation, antibacterial, anti\u2010inflammation, antioxidant and antitumour properties. However, whether GLA ameliorates liver fibrosis or not is still unclear. In this study, a liver fibrosis model was established using male C57BL\/6 mice. The mice were treated with 5 and 10\u2009mg\/kg GLA via intraperitoneal injection, respectively. The ones that were treated with 5\u2009mg\/kg OCA were used as the positive control group. The levels of liver function, liver fibrosis biomarkers and liver pathological changes were then evaluated. We also explored the effects of GLA on inflammatory response and liver cell apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the gut microbiota mechanisms of GLA on liver fibrosis. The results from this study that GLA could significantly decrease the level of liver function (AST, ALT, TBA) and liver fibrosis (HA, LN, PC\u2010III, IV\u2010C). On the other hand, a significant decrease in inflammation levels (IL\u20101\u03b2, TNF\u2010\u03b1) were also noted. GLA also improves CCl4\u2010induced pathological liver injuries and collagen deposition, in addition to decreasing apoptosis levels. In addition, an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in liver disease was also observed. GLA also improves the gut microbiota. In conclusion, GLA attenuates CCl4\u2010induced liver fibrosis and improves the associated gut microbiota imbalance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.14241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T08:49:41Z","timestamp":1681548581000},"page":"51-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Glaucocalyxin A attenuates carbon <scp>tetrachloride\u2010induced<\/scp> liver fibrosis and improves the associated gut microbiota imbalance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Ru","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianwen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuguang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00118.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2021.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24282"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31708"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.121.000732"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i10.2949"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.04.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26695"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i40.6141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2018.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.880298"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32309-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/887"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2017.3992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.683613"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010446"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106271"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00005.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2019.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-0266-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00372-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-02375-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2020.152876"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25364"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2021.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20020395"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200220666191105121653"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2018.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1972746"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhbp.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105765"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0339-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.845878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139.2015.1137935"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312729"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2020-0048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.756924"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00592-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b20-00258"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.108994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.772635"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5345821"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2021.109451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.10.013"}],"container-title":["Chemical Biology &amp; Drug Design"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cbdd.14241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T20:59:06Z","timestamp":1692478746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cbdd.14241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cbdd.14241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cbdd.14241","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1747-0277","1747-0285"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1747-0277","type":"print"},{"value":"1747-0285","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}