{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T18:25:19Z","timestamp":1782930319326,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chem Biol Drug Des"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT\/A) has exhibited efficacy in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) treatment, and this study aims to uncover its underlying mechanisms. Resiniferatoxin (RTX)\u2010induced PHN rats were given BoNT\/A. Rat postoperative pain behaviors were assessed by Von Frey test. Cleaved\u2010synaptosomal protein 25\u2009kDa (cl\u2010SNAP\u201025) or cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) expression in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was detected by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry. Healthy rat\u2010derived DRG neurons were transfected, incubated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)\/adenosine 5\u2032\u2010triphosphate (ATP) to stimulate pyroptosis and treated with BoNT\/A. The CCK\u20108, Western blot, ELISA, and qRT\u2010PCR were used to assess the viability, levels of pyroptosis\u2010related proteins proinflammatory cytokine levels, as well as CAMP and ELANE mRNA levels. BoNT\/A (30\u2009U\/kg) promoted cl\u2010SNAP\u201025 expression in rat DRG and reversed RTX\u2010induced decrease of rat paw withdrawal thresholds and CAMP expression and increase of pyroptosis\u2010associated protein and inflammatory factor expression in rat DRG. CAMP interacted with ELANE in rat DRG neurons. BoNT\/A attenuated LPS\/ATP\u2010stimulated inhibition of viability and CAMP expression and upregulation of inflammatory mediators, pyroptosis\u2010related proteins, and ELANE expression in rat DRG neurons, which was counteracted by CAMP silencing. However, ELANE knockdown offset the effect of CAMP silencing in LPS\/ATP\/BoNT\/A\u2010treated rat DRG neurons. On the whole, BoNT\/A alleviates rat DRG neuron pyroptosis during PHN by upregulating CAMP to inhibit ELANE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.14406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T03:30:02Z","timestamp":1702092602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Botulinum toxin type A ameliorates rat dorsal root ganglia neuron pyroptosis in postherpetic neuralgia by upregulating cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide to inhibit neutrophil elastase"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Quan","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College)  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1579937"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2022.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.896473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578\u2010020\u201000405\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-023-03893-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md16060195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxv113"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.12.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.02.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12828"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010immunol\u2010073119\u2010095439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2021.34.4.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.00\u20100440com"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01737\u201021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.735075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.8301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2021.145909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2019.109323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010018\u20101083\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.102108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11080459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S168650"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753\u2010020\u201001190\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21175973"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.71086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11080758"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3356835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.01016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010021\u201002148\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520977416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14020284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967\u2010022\u201003779\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2021.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516659278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10071181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S203920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2045\u20109912.352660"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1132361"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu T. 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