{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T02:03:41Z","timestamp":1767924221731,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chem Biol Drug Des"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traditional medicine believes that hypertrophic scar (HS) falls into the category of \u201cblood stasis\u201d. Chinese herbs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, activating meridians, and relieving pain are usually selected to treat HS by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Both Semen Persicae (SP) and Flos Carthami (FC) are confirmed to be effective for HS. Clinically, SP and FC are often used in combination with each other. However, the pharmacodynamic mechanism and molecular target of SP\u2010FC in the treatment of HS are still unclear. Therefore, this study is intended to explore the mechanism and target of SP\u2010FC in the treatment of HS through network pharmacology combined with in\u00a0vitro cell and molecular biology experiments. Target genes of SP\u2010FC were obtained from the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), and targets of HS\u2010related diseases were searched from databases such as Disgenet and GeneCards. Based on the targets searched and obtained, a Venn diagram was plotted to acquire common targets of SP\u2010FC\u2010HS. Next, STRING 11.0 was employed for protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of common targets; and cytoscape 3.9.0 for connection relationship analysis of PPI and plotting of a \u201cdrug\u2010component\u2010target\u201d network diagram. Besides, a modified explant culture method was applied to separate primary hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs); MTT assay to detect cell viability of HSFs after treatment by SP\u2010FC for 24\u2009h; Annexin V\u2010FITC\/PI double staining combined with flow cytometry to test apoptosis; western blot to check the protein expression level of p53; and real\u2010time fluorescence quantitative PCR to determine mRNA level of p53. In the analysis of network pharmacology, 269 pharmacological targets of SP, 449 pharmacological targets of FC, and 2569 targets of HS\u2010related diseases were screened from the databases. After plotting the Venn diagram, 116 common targets of SP\u2010FC\u2010HS were acquired. In vitro experiments showed that the expression of p53 in HSFs was decreased. SP\u2010FC significantly reduces the viability of HSFs, increases p53 levels in HSFs, and promotes apoptosis. SP\u2010FC can reduce scar formation by promoting p53 expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.14412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T14:10:28Z","timestamp":1701958228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The mechanism of Semen Persicae\u2010Flos Carthami in treating hypertrophic scar: A study based on network pharmacological analysis and in\u00a0vitro experiments"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Xixi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhipeng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xunxun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1025602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2021.0039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.8b00702"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"558","article-title":"Effect of different culture conditions on biological characteristics of fibroblasts derived from human hypertrophic scar","volume":"34","author":"Dong L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2014.1605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010003\u20107397\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735\u2010019\u201009828\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a011189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Study on the mechanism of Galla chinensis scar ointment to inhibit the growth of keloid fibroblasts","author":"Jiang W.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734620971068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7331164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419\u2010020\u201003323\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1674\u2010490X.2015.03.020"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"1294","article-title":"TGF\u03b21 expression changes in hypertrophic scar of rabbit's ears by carthamus tinctorius injection","volume":"40","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chongqing Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41038\u2010018\u20100129\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41038\u2010019\u20100175\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw943"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.13027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00067.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758\u20102946\u20106\u201013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baq020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Schmieder S. 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