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However, the exact mechanisms by which curcumin demonstrates its neuroprotective effects are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a novel formulation of curcumin on the expression of brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a main component of the glial scar and growth\u2010associated protein\u201043 (GAP\u201043), a signaling molecule in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Mice (adult, male, C57BL\/6j) were randomly divided into three groups as follows: TBI group (TBI\u2010induced mice); TBI\u2009+\u2009CUR group (TBI mice were injected <jats:italic>i.p.<\/jats:italic> curcumin just after TBI); TBI+ CurcuWIN\u00ae group (TBI mice were injected <jats:italic>i.p.<\/jats:italic> CurcuWIN\u00ae just after TBI). Brain injury was induced using a cold injury model. Injured brain tissue was stained with Cresyl violet to evaluate infarct volume and brain swelling, analyzed, and measured using ImageJ by Bethesda (MD, USA). Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein levels related to injury. While standard curcumin significantly reduced brain injury, CurcuWIN\u00ae showed an even greater reduction associated with reductions in glial activation, NF\u2010\u03baB, and the inflammatory cytokines IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20106. Additionally, both standard curcumin and CurcuWIN\u00ae led to increased BDNF, GAP\u201043, ICAM\u20101, and Nrf2 expression. Notably, CurcuWIN\u00ae enhanced their expression more than standard curcumin. This data suggests that highly bioavailable curcumin formulation has a beneficial effect on the traumatic brain in mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.14439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,3]],"date-time":"2024-01-03T01:40:13Z","timestamp":1704246013000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A highly bioavailable curcumin formulation ameliorates inflammation cytokines and neurotrophic factors in mice with traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayse Arzu","family":"Sakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine University of Istanbul Medipol  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0039-3281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Balcikanli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Istanbul Medeniyet University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6637-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilay Ates","family":"Ozsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine University of Istanbul Medipol  Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Regenerative and Restorative Medical Research Center, Experimental Neurology Laboratory Istanbul Medipol University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4138-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cemal","family":"Orhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University  Elazig Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9487-1154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurhan","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University  Elazig Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1329-3143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Tuzcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Firat University Elazig  Elazig Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya","family":"Juturu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Research, and Development OmniActives Health Technologies Inc.  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