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A well\u2010established NAFLD rat model was employed, administering varying concentrations of echinacoside. Biochemical parameters, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL\u2010C), high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL\u2010C), alongside liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were measured to assess liver function. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, western blot analyses were performed to assess the expressions of p\u2010AMPK, total AMPK, and key autophagy markers LC\u20103 I\/II and Beclin\u20101. Echinacoside significantly improved the lipid profile by lowering plasma TG, TC, and LDL\u2010C levels while increasing HDL\u2010C. It also reduced serum ALT, AST, and ALP activities, demonstrating hepatoprotective effects. Notably, echinacoside reversed the p\u2010AMPK levels in NAFLD rats in a dose\u2010dependent manner, with the highest dosage showing the strongest effect. This was accompanied by increased expression of LC\u20103 I\/II and Beclin\u20101. Echinacoside is expected to be a therapeutic drug for NAFLD by activating AMPK activity and enhancing autophagy to improve liver function. These findings suggest its clinical potential, with autophagy modulation via the AMPK pathway as a possible therapeutic mechanism for NAFLD treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.70097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T06:08:52Z","timestamp":1744265332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Echinacoside Alleviates Non\u2010Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats: Potential Involvement of <scp>AMPK<\/scp> Pathway and Autophagy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Wei\u2010fang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University  Fenyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng\u2010nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical 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