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The antimycobacterial effects of target compounds <jats:bold>21\u201340<\/jats:bold> were tested against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> H37Rv strain. Among the 20 synthesized compounds, 12 exhibited minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values in the range of 1.56\u201325\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. Among the molecules screened for antimycobacterial effects, the most effective was compound <jats:bold>35<\/jats:bold>, a thiadiazole\u2010ciprofloxacin hybrid. The cytotoxic effect of this molecule was found to be lower than the reference drugs, and it was also determined to be a more effective inhibitor than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in the DNA\u2010gyrase supercoiling test. The antimicrobial effects of compounds <jats:bold>21\u201340<\/jats:bold> were screened by agar\u2010well diffusion and microdilution tests against Gram\u2010positive\/negative bacteria, a fast\u2010growing mycobacterium, and two yeast strains. While most of the compounds tested showed antibacterial effects, the most effective fluoroquinolone derivative appeared to be compound <jats:bold>31<\/jats:bold> with an MIC value of &lt;\u20090.63\u2009\u03bcg\/mL against all Gram\u2010negative bacteria tested. Azole\u2010fluoroquinolone hybrids <jats:bold>21\u201340<\/jats:bold> did not show any activity against non\u2010pathogenic <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> species and yeast\u2010like fungi, indicating that they have selective antibacterial and antimycobacterial activity, particularly against Gram\u2010negative bacteria. <jats:italic>In silico<\/jats:italic> molecular docking studies were conducted to uncover the interactions between lead compound <jats:bold>35<\/jats:bold> and the DNA gyrase proteins of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. Additionally, a 100\u2009ns molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to assess the stability of the complexes formed between compound <jats:bold>35<\/jats:bold> and both proteins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.70126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T06:01:08Z","timestamp":1748239268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Synthesis of Novel Thiazole\/Thiadiazole Conjugates of Fluoroquinolones as Potent Antibacterial and Antimycobacterial Agents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"P\u0131nar","family":"Poyraz Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences Marmara University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Necla","family":"Kulaba\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Marmara University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arif","family":"Bozdeveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University  Rize Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siva Krishna","family":"Vagolu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Research Institute of Internal Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6064-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Research Northern Border University  Arar Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Tatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Marmara University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy \u0130stanbul Kent University  \u0130stanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eeng\u00fcl","family":"Alpay Karao\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University  Rize Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmarajan","family":"Sriram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Birla Institute of Technology &amp; Science\u2010Pilani, Hyderabad Campus  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ammar A. 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