{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:22:33Z","timestamp":1791264153491,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]],"date-time":"2013-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Communication is frequently impaired in young people (\n YP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) with bilateral cerebral palsy (\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Important factors include motoric speech problems (dysarthria) and intellectual disability. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (\n AAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) techniques are often employed. The aim was to describe the speech problems in bilateral\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , factors associated with speech problems, current\n AAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n provision and use, and to explore the views of both the parent\/carer and young person about communication.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total population of children with bilateral\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 346) from four consecutive years of births (1989\u20131992 inclusive) with onset of\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n before 15 months were reassessed at age 16\u201318 years. Motor skills and speech were directly assessed and both parent\/carer and the young person asked about communication and satisfaction with it.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Sixty had died, eight had other conditions, 243 consented and speech was assessed in 224 of whom 141 (63%) had impaired speech. Fifty\u2010two (23% of total\n YP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were mainly intelligible to unfamiliar people, 22 (10%) were mostly unintelligible to unfamiliar people, 67 (30%) were mostly or wholly unintelligible even to familiar adults. However, 89% of parent\/carers said that they could communicate 1:1 with their young person. Of the 128\n YP<\/jats:styled-content>\n who could independently complete the questions, 107 (83.6%) were happy with their communication, nine (7%) neither happy nor unhappy and 12 (9.4%) unhappy. A total of 72 of 224 (32%) were provided with one or more types of\n AAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n but in a significant number (75% of 52 recorded)\n AAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n was not used at home, only in school. Factors associated with speech impairment were severity of physical impairment, as measured by\n G<\/jats:styled-content>\n ross\n M<\/jats:styled-content>\n otor\n F<\/jats:styled-content>\n unction\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n cale level and manipulation in the best hand, intellectual disability and current epilepsy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In a population representative group of\n YP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , aged 16\u201318 years, with bilateral\n CP<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 63% had impaired speech of varying severity, most had been provided with\n AAC<\/jats:styled-content>\n but few used it at home for communication.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,9]],"date-time":"2013-05-09T06:39:50Z","timestamp":1368081590000},"page":"149-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Speech, communication and use of augmentative communication in young people with cerebral palsy: The\n SH<\/scp>\n &\n PE<\/scp>\n population study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Cockerill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurosciences Evelina Childrens Hospital Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King's Health Partners London UK"},{"name":"Department of Language and Communication Science City University London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Elbourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Statistics Unit London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Statistics Unit London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Scrutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Health London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurosciences Evelina Childrens Hospital Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King's Health Partners London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"McNee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurosciences Evelina Childrens Hospital Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King's Health Partners London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Fairhurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurosciences Evelina Childrens Hospital Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King's Health Partners London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Neurosciences Evelina Childrens Hospital Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust London UK"},{"name":"King's Health Partners London 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