{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T07:02:26Z","timestamp":1788246146956,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]],"date-time":"2015-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012095","name":"The Scottish Government","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Social, emotional and behavioural development in early to middle childhood impact upon many outcomes in future life and are influenced by home, neighbourhood and school environments. We used linked data to investigate differences between areas in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>lasgow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ity in level of difficulties in pre\u2010school age children, after consideration of demographics, including area\u2010level deprivation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre\u2010school education staff completed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>trengths and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ifficulties <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Q<\/jats:styled-content>uestionnaires (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDQ<\/jats:styled-content>) on all children progressing to school from a local authority or partnership (local authority\u2010funded private) pre\u2010school in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>lasgow <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ity between 2010 and 2012. These data were linked to individual (age, gender) and area\u2010level (deprivation) demographics from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ouncil <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>ducation <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ervices <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>epartment. Statistical models were fitted to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDQ<\/jats:styled-content> scores, adjusting for age, gender, area deprivation, year of school entry, pre\u2010school establishment attended and electoral ward of residence. Correlation between neighbouring wards was incorporated to allow for clustering of scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Boys and those living in more deprived areas had higher levels of difficulties. Children aged 5.0\u20135.5 years had fewest difficulties, while the oldest and youngest children had similar levels of difficulties. There were no significant secular trends by year of school entry. There remained differences among areas after adjusting for these variables, with children living in some areas having fewer difficulties than would be expected based on their socio\u2010demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There remained differences in children's levels of difficulties between areas after adjusting for age, gender, area deprivation and year of school entry. Children in some very deprived areas had fewer difficulties than might be expected, while those in relatively affluent areas had more difficulties than expected based on their deprivation level. There may be other, unmeasured, individual\u2010 and area\u2010level reasons for children's level of difficulties, and these require further exploration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]],"date-time":"2015-02-24T13:37:50Z","timestamp":1424785070000},"page":"853-864","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Mapping area variability in social and behavioural difficulties among <scp>G<\/scp>lasgow pre\u2010schoolers: linkage of a survey of pre\u2010school staff with routine monitoring data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"S. J. E.","family":"Barry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robertson Centre for Biostatistics University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Marryat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"},{"name":"Centre for Rural Health University of Aberdeen  Inverness UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ellaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social and Public Health Sciences Unit MRC SPHSU University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"McClung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Education Services  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rural Health University of Aberdeen  Inverness UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Children's Social, Emotional and Behavioural Characteristics at Entry to Primary School","author":"Bradshaw P.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.39.2.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01328.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-009-0068-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2010.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Glasgow Centre for Population Health(2013)Understanding Glasgow: the Glasgow indicators project. Available at:http:\/\/www.understandingglasgow.com\/(last accessed 11 March 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Glasgow City Council(2012)Populations and households by ethnicity in Glasgow City. Available at:https:\/\/glasgow.gov.uk\/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=17783&p=0(last accessed 15 April 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"Goodman R.(2013)SDQ info. Available at:www.sdqinfo.org(last accessed 2 May 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e557702010-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.20.6.1120","article-title":"Stability of agression over time and generations","volume":"20","author":"Huessman L. R.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Marmot M.(2008)Fair society healthy lives: the Marmot Review."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270170062"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"295","article-title":"Duration and developmental timing of poverty and children's cognitive and social development from birth through third grade","volume":"4","author":"National Institute of Child Health","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"National Records of Scotland(2012)Glasgow City council area \u2013 demographic factsheet. Available at:http:\/\/www.gro\u2010scotland.gov.uk\/files2\/stats\/council\u2010area\u2010data\u2010sheets\/glasgow\u2010city\u2010factsheet.pdf(last accessed 10 March 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","volume-title":"Children and Young People's Wellbeing: An Information Profile for Glasgow East CHCP","author":"Public Health Research Unit","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, Version 2.15.0","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0850-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-005-6738-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2008.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","volume-title":"Scottish Neighbourhood Statistics Datazones","author":"Scottish Executive","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","volume-title":"Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation: Technical Report","author":"Scottish Executive","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","unstructured":"Scottish Government(2012)Local authority summary \u2013 SIMD; Glasgow City. Available at:http:\/\/www.scotland.gov.uk\/Resource\/0041\/00410731.pdf(last accessed 12 March 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","unstructured":"Scottish Government(2013)Scottish index of multiple deprivation. Available at:http:\/\/www.scotland.gov.uk\/Topics\/Statistics\/SIMD(last accessed 11 March 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2007.05.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v012.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","volume-title":"The Impact of Neighborhood and Family Social Disadvantage and Violence Exposure on the Social\u2010Emotional Development of Infants and Toddlers: An Examination of Parent\u2010Report and Government Data","author":"Thomas Y. M.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00131881.2013.767027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.5.554"}],"container-title":["Child: Care, Health and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fcch.12237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cch.12237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T05:01:27Z","timestamp":1696309287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cch.12237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cch.12237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cch.12237","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1862","1365-2214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1862","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2214","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]]}}}