{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:28:23Z","timestamp":1791242903659,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Advancing physical therapy interventions for children and young people is a high research priority. This includes research to describe and specify the control condition, typically \u2018current care\u2019, for effectiveness trials.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This paper aims to identify physical therapy outcomes commonly targeted, and intervention techniques and approaches commonly used, by physiotherapists working with children (aged 2\u201319\u2009years) with mobility limitations in the United Kingdom.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey. Participants were recruited through the interactive Chartered Society of Physiotherapy members\u2010only online discussion forum, the Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists, direct emails and snowball sampling within the authors' professional networks and Twitter. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We received 146 responses, 95\/146 (65.1%) of which were fully complete. Therapists reported targeting 367 unique outcome constructs, of which 193 (52.6%) mapped onto activities and participation (e.g. moving around using equipment, maintaining body position and walking), 158 (43.1%) on body functions (e.g. muscle strength, joint mobility and gait functions), 11 (3.0%) on body structure (e.g. muscle length) and 3 (0.8%) on environmental factors (e.g. access home environment, access school environment and family confidence). The most commonly used interventions related to postural management (115\/133 of respondents, 86.4%) and exercise therapy (116\/137, 84.67%) and included techniques such as \u2018use equipment\u2019 (118\/137, 86.1%), \u2018instruct how to do something\u2019 (117\/137, 85.4%), \u2018practice\u2019 (105\/137, 76.6%) and \u2018stretch\u2019 (99\/137, 72.3%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In designing trials, current care can be described as a combination of biomechanical and physiological techniques and approaches targeted at body functions and through that to activity and participation. Although some environmental behaviour change techniques and strategies were reported, the explicit use of these in current care appears limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T18:33:15Z","timestamp":1621708395000},"page":"794-804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Specifying current physical therapy practice for paediatric trials: A survey of UK physical therapists"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0884-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine J.","family":"Duff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quality Lead for Children's Business Unit Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9229-9913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niina","family":"Kolehmainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reader in Allied Child Health, Population Health Sciences Institute Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1636-0049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"McAnuff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Fellow, Population Health Sciences Institute Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta22030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Burslem J. McAtasney D. McGarrity K. Old S. Sellar J. &Todd G.(2016).Working with children \u2010 Guidance on good practice.https:\/\/apcp.csp.org.uk\/system\/files\/working_with_children_2016_1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/165019702760279189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"James Lind Alliance. (2014).Research priorities: Top 10s.http:\/\/www.lindalliance.org\/top-tens.asp. Accessed December 8 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305803"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2214.2011.01220.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"Kolehmainen N. Tissen\u2010Budde A. &McAnuff J.(2016).Activity and participation interventions for children with movement problems: A systematic review to generate a rehabilitation intervention technique classification v1 [unpublished manuscript]. Population Health Sciences Institute Newcastle University."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology","author":"Krippendorff K.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006233"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"NICE. (2012).Spasticity in children and young people.https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511410727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"SurveyMonkey Inc.(n.d.). San Mateo California USA.www.surveymonkey.com"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2014.985802"}],"container-title":["Child: Care, Health and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cch.12886","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/cch.12886","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/cch.12886","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T16:48:19Z","timestamp":1693327699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/cch.12886"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/cch.12886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cch.12886","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1862","1365-2214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1862","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2214","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}