{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:40:48Z","timestamp":1772160048970,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The background of this study is to evaluate the published literature on the use of antioxidants in improving developmental outcomes in children with DS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The systematic review included interventional studies (randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and quasi\u2010RCTs [q\u2010RCTs]) of children aged 0 to 18\u2009years diagnosed with DS who received antioxidants to improve developmental outcomes. Studies were excluded if they were interventional studies with non\u2010random allocation or lack of control group or non\u2010interventional studies including observational studies, systematic and narrative review articles, editorials and commentaries. Studies were also excluded if data from participants with DS were included as part of a larger group of participants (e.g., children with intellectual disability) and the data could not be separated for subgroup analysis, or if outcomes did not assess developmental domains (e.g., reported biochemical markers only). The review included children with other conditions associated with developmental disability, only when data for children with DS were separately reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven RCTs and q\u2010RCTs fulfilled the eligibility criteria with 683 participants with Down syndrome ranging in age from newborns to 17\u2009years. Nine studies did not show any statistically significant clinical benefit of using antioxidants. Three studies were included in a meta\u2010analysis comparing changes in the effect sizes (post and pre\u2010intervention) in Global Developmental Quotient (GDQ) between the intervention and control groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review concludes that it is likely that the results are valid and suggest that the use of Antioxidant has no improvement in GDQ for children with DS. It is also unclear if any benefit exists for other developmental domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T18:20:11Z","timestamp":1634149211000},"page":"177-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of antioxidants supplementation on developmental outcomes in children with Down syndrome\u2014A systematic review and meta\u2010analyses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3104-6891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sidra Kaleem","family":"Jafri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Child Health Aga Khan University Hospital  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atiya","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Undergraduate Program McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anusha","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College Aga Khan University  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zohra","family":"Lassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide  Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Frei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Development Pediatrics McMaster University  Hamilton Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162200000359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.72.5.707"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04032.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008394"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/378776a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"A double blind study of vitamin B6 in Down's syndrome infants. 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