{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:48:30Z","timestamp":1773384510683,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Tanzania, about 600\u2009000 youth between 5 and 24\u2009years old have a disability. Individuals with disabilities face numerous obstacles due to social stigma. The aim of this formative evaluation is to assess how caregivers of children with correctable disabilities (e.g., cleft lip\/palate, club foot, and burn scar contractures) in Tanzania perceive their community's acceptance of their child before and after surgical treatment. Semi\u2010structured interviews were conducted with 80 caregivers of children with disabilities treated at Kafika House in Arusha, Tanzania. The constant comparative method identified themes regarding the caregivers' feelings on their child's functional abilities and experiences of stigma in their community. Caregiver perceptions of stigma before and after surgical treatment were categorized and quantified as \u2018positive\u2019, \u2018neutral\u2019 and \u2018negative\u2019. Thematic analysis of the 80 interviews resulted in five major themes: (1) stigma and acceptance (pre\u2010treatment) and (2) post\u2010treatment; (3) functional abilities (pre\u2010treatment) and (4) post\u2010treatment; and (5) emotional impact (pre\u2010 and post\u2010treatment). These themes indicate caregivers and their children experience a range of emotional impacts before and after treatment, more severe stigma before treatment, and overall better social, emotional and functional status after treatment. Frequency analysis of caregiver experiences indicated that stigma experienced by children and their families decreased from 75% before surgical treatment to 2.5% after surgery. Surgical intervention and rehabilitation of physical disabilities mitigated experiences of social stigma for both children and their caregivers. Findings support the need for expanded treatment of correctable disabilities, larger investments in community\u2010based rehabilitation programmes and further interventions to support stigmatized parents and their children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.13232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T08:25:36Z","timestamp":1707985536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Caregivers' perspectives of community acceptance before and after surgical treatment for their child's disability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2250-6729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kali","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine University Henrietta Schmoll School of Health Sciences  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8459-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kari","family":"Hartwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine University Henrietta Schmoll School of Health Sciences  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Maisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine University Henrietta Schmoll School of Health Sciences  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3641-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ambria","family":"Crusan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine University Henrietta Schmoll School of Health Sciences  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6643-3966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Biggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Catherine University Henrietta Schmoll School of Health Sciences  St. Paul Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keira","family":"DiSpirito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kafika House  Arusha Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10882-021-09809-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"CDC. (2020).Disability and health overview. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 31 2022 fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/disability.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"DfID (Department for International Development). (2000).Disability poverty and development. Department for International Development. 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(2021a).Nearly 240 million children with disabilities around the world UNICEF's most comprehensive statistical analysis finds. UNICEF. Retrieved 2023 fromhttps:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/nearly-240-million-children-disabilities-around-world-unicefs-most-comprehensive"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","unstructured":"UNICEF. (2021b).Situation Analysis of Children and Young People with Disabilities in Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. UNICEF. Retrieved October 31 2022 fromhttps:\/\/www.unicef.org\/tanzania\/media\/2626\/file\/Children%20and%20Young%20people%20with%20Disabilities %20a%20Situation%20Analysis.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","unstructured":"WHO. (2017).Community\u2010based rehabilitation. World Health Organization \u2013 Western Pacific Region. Retrieved March 23 2023 fromhttps:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/279966\/WPR-2017-DNH-005-factsheet-03-cbr-eng.pdf?sequence=4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","unstructured":"WHO. (2022).Disability. World Health Organization. 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